Sciences - Co-ordinated (9-1) - 0973 CIE

Carbon Cycle

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

The Earth is a closed box: almost no new atoms arrive from space. So every carbon atom in your body, and every nitrogen atom in your proteins, has been used before, perhaps by a dinosaur, a fern or a bacterium. Nutrient cycles are the routes these atoms take as they pass endlessly between the air, the soil, living things and back again.

In this lesson you will follow carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, fossil fuels and combustion, and then trace nitrogen through the bacteria that fix it, turn it into nitrates and return it to the air. Understanding these cycles explains everything from why we add fertiliser to fields to why burning fossil fuels is warming the planet.

Ebumnobi

Describe the carbon cycle, limited to: photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, formation of fossil fuels and combustion
[Supplement] Describe the nitrogen cycle with reference to: decomposition of plant and animal protein to ammonium ions nitrification nitrogen fixation by lightning and bacteria absorption of nitrate ions by plants production of amino acids and proteins feeding and digestion of proteins deamination denitrification
[Supplement] State the roles of microorganisms in the nitrogen cycle, limited to: decomposition, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and denitrification (generic names of individual bacteria, e.g. Rhizobium, are not required)

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Elements are recycled but energy is not. Carbon and nitrogen pass round and round, driven by the one-way flow of energy from the Sun. These cycles link nearly every other topic: photosynthesis and respiration drive the carbon cycle; decomposers and bacteria drive the nitrogen cycle; and human activity, burning fuels and clearing forests, is now shifting the carbon cycle out of balance. Examiners expect you to draw and label both cycles and to name the processes at each arrow.

Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge

Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Carbon Cycle. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

During daylight, which process carried out by green plants takes carbon dioxide out of the air? A. respiration B. transpiration C. photosynthesis D. decomposition Answer: C
Carbon locked in coal and oil is returned to the air mainly by: A. photosynthesis B. combustion C. nitrification D. transpiration Answer: B
Plants absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of: A. nitrogen gas B. ammonia gas C. nitrate ions D. protein Answer: C
Which bacteria convert ammonium ions into nitrates? A. denitrifying bacteria B. nitrifying bacteria C. decomposer fungi D. nitrogen-fixing bacteria Answer: B
Denitrifying bacteria are harmful to soil fertility because they: A. fix nitrogen gas B. make nitrates from ammonium C. turn nitrates into nitrogen gas D. decompose protein Answer: C