Genetic Modification
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Genetic modification lets scientists do something nature never could: move a single chosen gene from one species into a completely different one. A human gene placed in a bacterium turns that bacterium into a living factory for a human protein. It is one of the most powerful, and most debated, tools in biology.
In this lesson you will define genetic modification precisely, then (for [Supplement]) follow the step-by-step process of using bacteria to make a human protein: cutting out the gene with restriction enzymes, splicing it into a plasmid with ligase, and growing the modified bacteria so they express the human gene.
Ebumnobi
- Describe genetic modification as changing the genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or inserting individual genes
- [Supplement] Outline the process of genetic modification using bacterial production of a human protein as an example, limited to: (a) isolation of the DNA making up a human gene using restriction enzymes, forming sticky ends (b) cutting of bacterial plasmid DNA with the same restriction enzymes, forming complementary sticky ends (c) insertion of human DNA into bacterial plasmid DNA using DNA ligase to form a recombinant plasmid (d) insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacteria (specific details are not required) (e) multiplication of bacteria containing recombinant plasmids (f) expression in bacteria of the human gene to make the human protein
Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ayẹwo Ẹkọ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Genetic Modification. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Genetic modification is best defined as: A. breeding the best individuals over generations B. changing the genetic material by removing, changing or inserting genes C. cloning an entire organism D. exposing cells to sunlight Answer: B
- [Supplement] Restriction enzymes are used to: A. join DNA pieces together B. cut DNA at specific sites, leaving sticky ends C. copy whole cells D. make proteins Answer: B
- [Supplement] The enzyme that joins a gene into a plasmid is: A. a restriction enzyme B. DNA ligase C. amylase D. pectinase Answer: B
- [Supplement] A plasmid carrying an inserted gene is called a: A. chromosome B. recombinant plasmid C. ribosome D. vector enzyme Answer: B
- [Supplement] The human gene and the plasmid are cut with the same restriction enzyme so that: A. the bacteria die B. their sticky ends are complementary and can join C. the gene is destroyed D. no ligase is needed Answer: B
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Àwọn Ìwé Tó Dáa Láti Kà
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Genetic Modification? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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