Systems Architecture
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Open a machine and there is remarkably little inside: a processor smaller than a postage stamp, some memory, a drive, and wires joining them. That is essentially the same list you would have found in the first stored program computers, and the arrangement has a name. Instructions and data live together in one memory, and a processor fetches those instructions one at a time and carries them out. Everything a computer has ever done is that loop, repeated very fast.
This lesson takes the machine apart. You will learn what each part of the processor does, what happens on each turn of the fetch, decode and execute cycle, and why three particular numbers, the clock speed, the number of cores and the size of the cache, are the ones printed on the box. Then you will meet the storage hierarchy: why a computer needs both memory and a drive, what makes one volatile and the other not, how magnetic, optical and solid state storage actually work, and where cloud storage and embedded systems fit into the picture.
Ebumnobi
- Explain the Von Neumann architecture. Explain the role and operation of:
- main memory
- the following major components of a central processing unit (CPU):
- arithmetic logic unit
- control unit
- clock
- buses.
- Explain the effect of the following on the performance of the CPU:
- clock speed
- number of processor cores
- cache size.
- Understand and explain the Fetch-Execute cycle.
- Understand the differences between main memory and secondary storage.
- Understand the differences between RAM and ROM. Be able to explain the terms volatile and non-volatile. Understand why secondary storage is required. Be aware of different types of secondary storage (solid state, optical and magnetic).
- Explain the operation of solid state, optical and magnetic storage.
- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of solid state, optical and magnetic storage.
- Explain the term ‘cloud storage’.
- Explain the advantages and disadvantages of cloud storage when compared to local storage. Understand the term ‘embedded system’ and explain how an embedded system differs from a non-embedded system.
Maapụ uche
E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.
Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa
Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
Ndetu Nkuzi Zuru Ezu di na Ngwa Green Bridge
Nweta ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwenti gi ma o bu kompiuta maka ulo akwukwo IGCSE zuru oke: akwukwo ule ndi gara aga, usoro nyocha, eserese uche, kaadi omumu na nkuzi olu.
Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Systems Architecture. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- What are the three stages of the fetch-execute cycle, in the correct order? A. Decode, fetch, execute B. Fetch, decode, execute C. Execute, fetch, decode D. Fetch, execute, decode Answer: B
- Which component of the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations? A. The control unit B. The clock C. The arithmetic logic unit D. The bus Answer: C
- What is a bus? A. A collection of wires through which data is transmitted between components B. A program that manages memory C. A type of secondary storage D. A unit of clock speed Answer: A
- Which statement about RAM and ROM is correct? A. Both are volatile B. Both are non-volatile C. RAM is volatile and ROM is non-volatile D. RAM is non-volatile and ROM is volatile Answer: C
- Why is a solid state drive more suitable than a magnetic hard disk drive for a laptop? A. It stores more data for the same price B. It has no moving parts, so it uses less power and resists shock better C. It is the only type that is non-volatile D. It can be accessed directly by the CPU Answer: B
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
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Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Systems Architecture? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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