Computer Science - 4CP0 PearsonEdexcel

Software

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Switch on a laptop and, before a single icon appears, thousands of instructions have already run. Something has to load the display, find the storage drive, hand control to the user interface and keep every later request in order. That something is the operating system, and it is only one member of a much larger family of software that keeps a computer usable, tidy and safe.

This lesson sorts software into system software and application software, opens up what an operating system actually manages day to day, tours the utility programs that repair and protect a machine, and looks at how software can stand in for the real world through simulation and modelling.

Ebumnobi

Know what an operating system is and how it manages files, processes, hardware and the user interface
Understand the purpose and functions of utility software (managing, repairing and converting files; compression; defragmentation; backing up; anti-malware)
Understand how software can be used to simulate and model aspects of the real world
Understand what is meant by system software and application software

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Every program running on a computer belongs to one of two families. System software runs in the background so the computer works at all: it manages hardware, files and other programs, and the user rarely interacts with it directly. Application software is what the user opens deliberately to get a job done: a word processor, a browser, a game. The operating system and utility programs described in this lesson are both system software; a spreadsheet or a photo editor is application software.

Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge

Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.

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Ọ dị na Android, Windows, macOS, na Linux

Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Software. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Which of the following is an example of application software? A) Operating system B) Disk defragmenter C) Spreadsheet package D) Anti-malware scanner Answer: C
Which operating system function decides which process runs on the processor at any given moment? A) File management B) Process management C) User interface management D) Hardware management Answer: B
A user wants to reduce the size of a folder of photos before emailing them. Which type of utility should they use? A) Defragmentation utility B) Compression utility C) Backup utility D) Anti-malware utility Answer: B
What is the main purpose of a defragmentation utility? A) To remove viruses from a computer B) To reduce file size for storage C) To reorganise scattered file pieces into continuous blocks D) To copy files to separate storage for safekeeping Answer: C
A firm uses software to test how a new product design would behave under stress, without building a physical prototype. This is an example of: A) Utility software B) Simulation software C) System software D) An operating system Answer: B