Biology - 0610 CIE

Blood

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Blood is far more than a red liquid. It is a living tissue: red cells packed with oxygen, white cells hunting invaders, tiny platelets ready to seal a wound, all carried in a straw-coloured fluid that ferries food, waste, hormones and heat around your body.

In this lesson you will learn the four components of blood and what each one does, and how to recognise red and white cells. Extended students will tell phagocytes from lymphocytes, learn their separate roles in defence, and follow the chemistry of how a clot forms.

Ebumnobi

List the components of blood as: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma
Identify red and white blood cells in photomicrographs and diagrams
State the functions of the following components of blood: (a) red blood cells in transporting oxygen, including the role of haemoglobin (b) white blood cells in phagocytosis and antibody production (c) platelets in clotting (details are not required) (d) plasma in the transport of blood cells, ions, nutrients, urea, hormones and carbon dioxide
State the roles of blood clotting as preventing blood loss and the entry of pathogens
[Supplement] Identify lymphocytes and phagocytes in photomicrographs and diagrams
[Supplement] State the functions of: (a) lymphocytes - antibody production (b) phagocytes - engulfing pathogens by phagocytosis
[Supplement] Describe the process of clotting as the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin to form a mesh

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Blood links almost every system in the body: transport, gas exchange, defence and repair all depend on it. Knowing the job of each component lets you answer questions across the whole syllabus, from how oxygen reaches a muscle to how the body fights an infection.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Blood. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Which part of the blood is packed with haemoglobin and carries oxygen around the body? A. white blood cells B. red blood cells C. platelets D. plasma Answer: B
The liquid part of blood is called: A. plasma B. serum only C. haemoglobin D. fibrin Answer: A
Blood clotting helps to: A. carry oxygen B. prevent blood loss and entry of pathogens C. produce hormones D. digest food Answer: B
[Supplement] Antibodies are produced by: A. red blood cells B. platelets C. lymphocytes D. plasma Answer: C
[Supplement] During clotting, fibrinogen is converted into: A. haemoglobin B. fibrin C. plasma D. platelets Answer: B