Chemistry - 4CH1 PearsonEdexcel

Electrolysis

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Strip away the wrapper of an aluminium can or look at the shine on a chrome-plated tap, and you are seeing the results of electrolysis. This process uses electricity to break down ionic compounds into their elements, powering industries from metal refining to water purification.

In this lesson you will discover why ionic substances only conduct when molten or dissolved, trace the movement of anions and cations to their electrodes, write half-equations for the reactions that happen there, and predict the products of several key electrolysis experiments that appear regularly on the Edexcel papers.

Ebumnobi

understand why covalent compounds do not conduct electricity
understand why ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or in aqueous solution
know that anion and cation are terms used to refer to negative and positive ions respectively
describe experiments to investigate electrolysis, using inert electrodes, of molten compounds (including lead(II) bromide) and aqueous solutions (including sodium chloride, dilute sulfuric acid and copper(II) sulfate) and to predict the products
write ionic half-equations representing the reactions at the electrodes during electrolysis and understand why these reactions are classified as oxidation or reduction
practical: investigate the electrolysis of aqueous solutions

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Every smartphone screen contains indium, a metal refined by electrolysis. Every swimming pool is kept safe with chlorine, manufactured by the same process. Electrolysis is the decomposition of an ionic compound using an electric current, and understanding it means understanding why some substances conduct and others do not, how ions move, and what forms at each electrode.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Electrolysis. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Which of the following substances can conduct electricity? A) Solid sodium chloride B) Molten sodium chloride C) Solid sugar D) Liquid wax Answer: B
During electrolysis, positive ions migrate toward the: A) Anode B) Cathode C) Electrolyte D) Power supply Answer: B
What is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) sulfate? A) Oxygen B) Hydrogen C) Copper D) Sulfur Answer: C
In the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid, what gas is produced at the anode? A) Hydrogen B) Oxygen C) Chlorine D) Sulfur dioxide Answer: B
At which electrode does oxidation occur during electrolysis? A) Cathode B) Anode C) Both electrodes D) Neither electrode Answer: B