Factorial Notation, NPr And NCr
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Once you know whether order matters, you need fast formulas to do the counting. Factorial notation packs a long product into a single symbol, and from it come the two workhorse formulas of counting: \(^nP_r\) for permutations and \(^nC_r\) for combinations. With these you can count arrangements and selections in one step.
In this lesson you will learn what \(n!\) means, the surprising but essential fact that \(0!=1\), and how to use the permutation and combination formulas confidently. Worked examples like \(^5P_2=20\) and \(^5C_2=10\) show the formulas in action.
Ebumnobi
- Know and use the notation n! (with 0! = 1) and the expressions for permutations and combinations of n items taken r at a time.
- Solve problems on arrangement and selection using permutations or combinations.
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Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Factorial Notation, NPr And NCr. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- What is the value of 5!? A. 25 B. 60 C. 120 D. 720 Answer: C
- What is the value of 0!? A. 0 B. 1 C. undefined D. infinity Answer: B
- Evaluate 5P2. A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25 Answer: C
- Evaluate 5C2. A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25 Answer: A
- Which formula gives the number of combinations of r from n? A. n!/(n - r)! B. n!/(r!(n - r)!) C. n! r! D. n!/r! Answer: B
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Counting Principles
Solve counting problems using the Addition Principle.
"Algebra and Trigonometry: Counting Principles" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/algebra-and-trigonometry/pages/13-5-counting-principles. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/algebra-and-trigonometry/pages/1-introduction
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