Alkanes
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Alkanes are the simplest family of hydrocarbons and the main components of crude oil fractions. Their single carbon-carbon bonds make them relatively unreactive, but under the right conditions they undergo substitution reactions with halogens.
In this lesson you will learn the general formula for alkanes, why they are called saturated hydrocarbons, how to draw structural and displayed formulae for the first five members, and what happens when alkanes meet halogens in ultraviolet light.
Ebumnobi
- Know the general formula for alkanes
- Explain why alkanes are classified as saturated hydrocarbons
- Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkanes with up to five carbon atoms
- Describe the reactions of alkanes with halogens in the presence of ultraviolet radiation
Maapụ uche
E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.
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Kaadị ncheta
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Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
Ndetu Nkuzi Zuru Ezu di na Ngwa Green Bridge
Nweta ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwenti gi ma o bu kompiuta maka ulo akwukwo IGCSE zuru oke: akwukwo ule ndi gara aga, usoro nyocha, eserese uche, kaadi omumu na nkuzi olu.
Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Alkanes. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- The general formula for alkanes is: A) CnH2n B) CnH2n+2 C) CnH2n-2 D) CnHn+2 Answer: B
- Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon? A) Ethene B) Propene C) Butane D) Butene Answer: C
- Methane reacts with bromine in UV light. This is an example of: A) Addition B) Combustion C) Substitution D) Decomposition Answer: C
- How many hydrogen atoms are in pentane? A) 10 B) 12 C) 14 D) 8 Answer: B
- What condition is needed for alkanes to react with halogens? A) Heat B) A catalyst C) Ultraviolet light D) High pressure Answer: C
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
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Akwụkwọ A Na-atụ Aro
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Akụkụ akwụkwọ
Hydrocarbons
Explain the importance of hydrocarbons and the reason for their diversity
"Chemistry: Hydrocarbons" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/20-1-hydrocarbons. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
Ndị otu ndị ọzọ bipụtara ha n'okpuru ikike mepere emepe, anyị na-ekele ha dị ka ha si chọọ. Njikọ na-emepe saịtị ha.
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Alkanes? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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Ihe nile ichoro iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na JAMB, WAEC & NECO.
