Chromosomes, Genes And Proteins (continued)
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
A gene is only useful if its instructions can be carried out. This Extended lesson follows how DNA, locked safely in the nucleus, actually controls a cell by directing the making of proteins, and how a messenger molecule carries the code out to where proteins are built.
You will explain how DNA controls cell function through the proteins it makes, outline how a protein is assembled using mRNA and ribosomes, see why cells with the same genes can be so different, and define the haploid and diploid numbers of chromosomes, including the 23 pairs in a human cell.
Ebumnobi
- [Supplement] Explain that DNA controls cell function by controlling the production of proteins, including enzymes, membrane carriers and receptors for neurotransmitters
- [Supplement] Explain how a protein is made, limited to: the gene coding for the protein remains in the nucleus messenger RNA (mRNA) is a copy of a gene mRNA molecules are made in the nucleus and move to the cytoplasm the mRNA passes through ribosomes the ribosome assembles amino acids into protein molecules the specific sequence of amino acids is determined by the sequence of bases in the mRNA (knowledge of the details of transcription or translation is not required)
- [Supplement] Explain that most body cells in an organism contain the same genes, but many genes in a particular cell are not expressed because the cell only makes the specific proteins it needs
- [Supplement] Describe a haploid nucleus as a nucleus containing a single set of chromosomes
- [Supplement] Describe a diploid nucleus as a nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes
- [Supplement] State that in a diploid cell, there is a pair of each type of chromosome and in a human diploid cell there are 23 pairs
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Maapụ uche
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Kaadị ncheta
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Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Chromosomes, Genes And Proteins (continued). Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- DNA controls the function of a cell by controlling the production of: A. water B. proteins C. carbon dioxide D. mineral ions Answer: B
- Where is mRNA made? A. in the cytoplasm B. in the ribosome C. in the nucleus D. in the cell membrane Answer: C
- Which structure assembles amino acids into a protein? A. nucleus B. ribosome C. mitochondrion D. chromosome Answer: B
- A human diploid cell contains: A. 23 chromosomes B. 23 pairs of chromosomes C. 46 pairs of chromosomes D. a single set of chromosomes Answer: B
- Two body cells contain the same genes but make different proteins because: A. they have different DNA B. only the genes they need are expressed C. they are haploid D. ribosomes differ between cells Answer: B
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Akwụkwọ A Na-atụ Aro
Mụtakwuo ihe site na isi mmalite mepere emepe
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Akụkụ akwụkwọ
The Genetic Code
Explain the “central dogma” of protein synthesis
"Biology: The Genetic Code" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/15-1-the-genetic-code. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
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Akụkụ akwụkwọ
Cell Division
Describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes
"Biology: Cell Division" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/10-1-cell-division. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Ndị otu ndị ọzọ bipụtara ha n'okpuru ikike mepere emepe, anyị na-ekele ha dị ka ha si chọọ. Njikọ na-emepe saịtị ha.
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Chromosomes, Genes And Proteins (continued)? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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