Design & Technology - 0445 CIE

Smart, Modern And Alternative Materials (Graphic products option)

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Smart and modern materials are the most exciting frontier of graphic design. A smart material changes one of its properties in response to something in its surroundings, heat, light, stress, and changes back when the trigger is removed. A mug that reveals a hidden picture when hot coffee is poured in, sunglasses that darken in bright sun, a battery-tester strip that warms to show charge, and a security mark that only appears under UV are all graphic products built on materials that respond to their environment rather than sitting still.

This note builds an awareness of the smart, modern and alternative materials in the syllabus: thermochromic materials that respond to heat, photochromic materials that respond to light, the mouldable polymorph, biopolymers as a renewable alternative, and shape memory polymers that remember and return to a set shape. For each you will learn the trigger it responds to, how a designer can use it in a graphic or interactive product, and the practical limits to keep in mind.

Ebumnobi

  1. develop an awareness and understanding of smart, modern and alternative materials, for example: - thermochromic materials - photochromic materials - polymorph - biopolymers - shape memory polymer (SMP).

Nkuzi Olu

Gee ntị na nkuzi a na ngwa

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Kaadị ncheta

Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.

Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

A smart material is one whose properties change in a controlled, repeatable way in response to a change in its environment, such as temperature, light, electricity or stress. The change is usually reversible: take the trigger away and the material returns to its original state. This is what separates a smart material from an ordinary one, an ordinary ink stays the same colour whatever happens, but a thermochromic ink switches colour when it is warmed and switches back when it cools. Modern and alternative materials is a broader label for newer materials, including renewable biopolymers, that give designers options older materials could not. For graphic products, these materials add interactivity, novelty, security and sustainability.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Smart, Modern And Alternative Materials (Graphic products option). Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. What defines a smart material? A. It is always made from metal B. One of its properties changes in a controlled, usually reversible way in response to its environment C. It is the cheapest material available D. It can never change shape or colour Answer: B
  2. A mug reveals a hidden picture only when a hot drink is poured in. Which smart material does this use? A. Photochromic B. Thermochromic C. Shape memory polymer D. Biopolymer Answer: B
  3. Sunglasses that darken in bright sunlight and clear indoors use which type of material? A. Thermochromic B. Photochromic C. Polymorph D. Particle composite Answer: B
  4. Polymorph is best described as which kind of material? A. A metal foil composite B. A thermoplastic that melts at a low temperature and can be hand-moulded and reshaped C. A thermosetting resin that sets permanently D. A natural wood fibre Answer: B
  5. Which statement about a shape memory polymer (SMP) is correct? A. It dissolves in water B. It returns to a remembered original shape when triggered, usually by heat C. It is only ever a liquid D. It changes colour in sunlight Answer: B

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