Design & Technology - 0445 CIE

Identifying

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Every design project begins with a problem worth solving. Before you can sketch a single idea you have to find a genuine need, want or opportunity, and you have to be sure it is real and not just something you assumed. The identifying stage is detective work: you observe how people struggle, you ask them questions, you take apart products that already exist and you dig into data, all to pin down exactly what is wrong with the current situation and who is affected.

This note shows you how to identify needs, wants and opportunities using the methods the 0445 syllabus names: observation, interviews, analysis of existing products and analysis of data. It then shows you how to describe what you have found clearly, so that the rest of your project rests on solid evidence rather than guesswork.

Ebumnobi

  1. identify needs, wants and opportunities for designing and making through such methods as observation, interviews, analysis of products and data
  2. describe needs and opportunities for designing and making.

Nkuzi Olu

Gee ntị na nkuzi a na ngwa

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Kaadị ncheta

Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.

Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

The identifying stage answers one question: what problem is worth designing for? Designers look for three things. A need is something a person genuinely must have to do a task or live well, for example a safe way to carry hot food. A want is a preference on top of a need, for example carrying that food in a stylish bag. An opportunity is a gap in the market or a chance to improve something, for example noticing that no lunch bag on sale keeps food hot for more than an hour. Distinguishing these matters because needs justify a product, while wants and opportunities help it sell and stand out.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Identifying. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. Which of the following is the best definition of a design 'opportunity'? A. Something a user must have to complete a task B. A gap in the market or a chance to improve a situation C. A non-essential preference on top of a need D. A legal requirement a product must meet Answer: B
  2. What is the main advantage of OBSERVATION as a method of identifying needs? A. It is the cheapest method B. It reveals what users actually do, including problems they cannot describe C. It always gives numerical data D. It does not require any users to be present Answer: B
  3. Which of these is a LEADING question? A. How easy or difficult do you find this product to use? B. Do you own a kettle? C. Don't you agree this design is far too heavy? D. Rate this handle from 1 to 5. Answer: C
  4. ACCESS FM is a checklist most useful for which identifying method? A. Interviews B. Analysis of existing products C. Observation D. Writing a questionnaire Answer: B
  5. A survey of 200 people finds 150 want a feature. What percentage is this? A. 50% B. 65% C. 75% D. 85% Answer: C

Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu

Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu

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