Accounting - 4AC1 PearsonEdexcel

Financial Statements Of A Manufacturer

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

A trading business buys goods finished and ready to sell. A manufacturing business does something harder: it buys raw materials, pays people to turn them into something else, and only then has anything to sell at all. Its financial statements have to answer an extra question a trading business never faces: what did it actually cost to make the goods, before a single unit is sold?

In this lesson you will learn the difference between inventories of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods, and how to prepare a manufacturing account that builds from prime cost through to production cost, ready to flow straight into the income statement.

Ebumnobi

  1. Understand the difference between the inventories of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods
  2. Prepare manufacturing accounts to show prime cost, production cost and total cost

Maapụ uche

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Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

A furniture maker does not walk into a shop and buy finished chairs to resell. It buys timber, fabric and fixings, pays carpenters to cut and assemble them, runs a workshop with rent and machinery to depreciate, and only at the end of that process has a chair ready for sale. A manufacturing business's financial statements have to capture every one of those steps before revenue and cost of sales can even be calculated, which is why manufacturers prepare an extra statement, the manufacturing account, that a trading business never needs.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Financial Statements Of A Manufacturer. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. Which inventory represents goods that have been started but not yet completed? A) Raw materials B) Work-in-progress C) Finished goods D) Purchases Answer: B
  2. A business has cost of raw materials consumed of $40,000, direct labour of $15,000 and direct expenses of $5,000. What is the prime cost? A) $45,000 B) $55,000 C) $60,000 D) $65,000 Answer: C
  3. Which of the following is a factory overhead rather than a direct cost? A) Direct wages B) Royalties per unit produced C) Depreciation of factory machinery D) Cost of raw materials consumed Answer: C
  4. In a manufacturing account, why is closing work-in-progress deducted? A) Because it has already been sold B) Because it is not yet finished and should not count as production cost C) Because it is a factory overhead D) Because it reduces revenue Answer: B
  5. What replaces purchases in a manufacturer's cost of sales calculation? A) Prime cost B) Factory overheads C) Production cost D) Direct labour Answer: C

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