What Attempts Have Been Made To Reduce Social Inequalities? (continued)
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
The last lesson showed how governments try to reduce inequality through taxes, benefits, free education and law. This one asks the awkward follow up: does any of it actually work, and might some of it even make things worse? Every major perspective has a sharp criticism to make. The New Right warns that generous welfare can trap people in dependency and breed an underclass. Marxists say the welfare state only patches up a system that produces poverty in the first place. Feminists say equality laws look good on paper but leave deep gender inequalities untouched.
You will learn to set these criticisms against the measures, weigh the evidence, and avoid the trap of treating any policy as a simple cure. You will meet the idea of a dependency culture and the underclass, the disputed culture of poverty, the Marxist view that welfare props up capitalism, the limits of charities and NGOs, and the feminist case that the law does not reach the real roots of women's inequality. By the end you will be able to argue both that the state can reduce inequality and that its efforts fall short.
Ebumnobi
- New Right criticisms of the welfare state/underclass.
- The culture of poverty and the dependency culture.
- Marxist criticisms of the welfare state.
- Criticisms of NGOs.
- Feminist criticisms of equality legislation.
Nkuzi Olu
Gee ntị na nkuzi a na ngwa
Maapụ uche
E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.
Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa
Kaadị ncheta
Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.
Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa
Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
Ndetu Nkuzi Zuru Ezu di na Ngwa Green Bridge
Nweta ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwenti gi ma o bu kompiuta maka ulo akwukwo IGCSE zuru oke: akwukwo ule ndi gara aga, usoro nyocha, eserese uche, kaadi omumu na nkuzi olu.
Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na What Attempts Have Been Made To Reduce Social Inequalities? (continued). Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- The idea that generous welfare benefits make people rely on the state instead of working is called the: A. safety valve B. dependency culture C. poverty line D. glass ceiling Answer: B
- Which sociologist argued in Losing Ground (1984) that welfare had created an underclass? A. Peter Townsend B. Oscar Lewis C. Charles Murray D. Howard Becker Answer: C
- Marxists describe the welfare state as a safety valve because it: A. abolishes private property B. ends the exploitation of workers C. softens hardship and so stabilises capitalism D. taxes only the very wealthy Answer: C
- A common feminist criticism of equal opportunities laws is that they: A. make women rely on benefits B. leave patriarchy and unpaid domestic work untouched C. cause an underclass D. tax workers too heavily Answer: B
- Which is a criticism often made of NGOs and charities? A. they guarantee funding to every area equally B. their help can be patchy and may relieve suffering without changing structures C. they replace the need for any government action D. they end global inequality Answer: B
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Akwụkwọ A Na-atụ Aro
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara What Attempts Have Been Made To Reduce Social Inequalities? (continued)? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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