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Reversible Reactions And Equilibria

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Most of the reactions you have studied so far go in one direction only: reactants turn into products and that is the end of it. But some reactions can go both ways. The products can reform the original reactants, and under the right conditions both directions happen at the same time.

In this lesson you will learn what makes a reaction reversible, explore two classic examples (ammonium chloride and hydrated copper(II) sulfate), and understand how the equilibrium symbol tells you that both forward and reverse reactions are taking place simultaneously.

Ebumnobi

  1. Know that some reactions are reversible and that this is indicated by the equilibrium symbol in equations
  2. Describe reversible reactions such as the dehydration of hydrated copper(II) sulfate and the effect of heat on ammonium chloride

Maapụ uche

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Kaadị ncheta

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Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

Heat blue copper sulfate crystals in a test tube and they turn into a white powder while water collects at the top. Add water back to the white powder and it turns blue again, releasing heat. The same substance cycles between two forms. This is a reversible reaction, and it is more common in chemistry than you might expect.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Reversible Reactions And Equilibria. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. Which symbol is used in equations for reversible reactions? A) A single arrow pointing right B) Two full arrows pointing in opposite directions C) Two half-arrows pointing in opposite directions D) An equals sign Answer: C
  2. When hydrated copper(II) sulfate is heated, the colour change is: A) White to blue B) Blue to green C) Blue to white D) Green to white Answer: C
  3. What is produced when ammonium chloride is heated? A) Nitrogen and hydrogen chloride B) Ammonia and hydrogen chloride C) Ammonia and chlorine D) Nitrogen and hydrogen Answer: B
  4. If the forward reaction of a reversible process is endothermic, the reverse reaction is: A) Also endothermic B) Exothermic C) Neither exothermic nor endothermic D) Cannot be determined Answer: B
  5. Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate can be used as a test for: A) Carbon dioxide B) Oxygen C) Water D) Hydrogen Answer: C

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