What Types Of Data And Evidence Do Sociologists Use?
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Every claim a sociologist makes has to rest on evidence, but evidence comes in very different shapes. Some data the researcher gathers fresh, by asking and watching for themselves; other data already exists, sitting in government records, old diaries, newspapers and social-media feeds, waiting to be used. Some evidence is a wall of numbers; some is a page of someone's own words. Knowing which kind to trust, and for what, is a core skill of the subject.
This lesson sorts the sociologist's evidence into clear families: primary versus secondary sources, and quantitative versus qualitative data. You will learn the strengths and limitations of each, meet the main secondary sources from official statistics to digital data, and see how findings are presented in tables, charts and graphs. By the end you will be able to judge any piece of evidence the way an examiner expects.
Ebumnobi
- Differences between primary and secondary sources of data.
- Differences between qualitative and quantitative data.
- Strengths and limitations of each type of data.
- Examples of: official statistics, historical and personal documents, digital sources, media content.
- Strengths and limitations of each type of evidence.
- Summaries of sociological studies.
- Diagrams.
- Tables.
- Charts.
- Graphs.
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Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na What Types Of Data And Evidence Do Sociologists Use?. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Information that a researcher collects first-hand for their own study is called: A. secondary data B. primary data C. official data D. digital data Answer: B
- Which of the following is an example of quantitative data? A. A diary describing a person's feelings B. The percentage of pupils passing an exam C. An open interview about family life D. A description of a religious ritual Answer: B
- The gap between the true amount of crime and the amount recorded in official statistics is known as the: A. dark figure B. response rate C. sampling frame D. halo effect Answer: A
- A researcher counts how often women appear in leadership roles on television. This method is best described as: A. participant observation B. a longitudinal study C. content analysis D. a pilot study Answer: C
- Which display is most suitable for showing how a country's birth rate has changed over fifty years? A. A pie chart B. A line graph C. A single table cell D. A photograph Answer: B
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Research Methods
Differentiate between four kinds of research methods: surveys, field research, experiments, and secondary data analysis
"Introduction to Sociology 2e: Research Methods" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/2-2-research-methods. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/1-introduction
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