Mathematics - 0580 CIE

Symmetry

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Symmetry is everywhere, from the wings of a butterfly to the face of a clock, and mathematics gives it a precise meaning. A shape has symmetry when part of it matches another part exactly, either by folding it over a line or by turning it about a point. Spotting symmetry lets you understand a shape's structure at a glance.

In this lesson you will count lines of symmetry and find the order of rotational symmetry for two-dimensional shapes, then extend the idea to the symmetry properties of solids such as prisms, cylinders, pyramids and cones. Clear descriptions in words make every kind of symmetry easy to identify.

Ebumnobi

Recognise line symmetry and order of rotational symmetry in two dimensions.
Recognise symmetry properties of prisms, cylinders, pyramids and cones. (Extended only)

Nkuzi Olu

Gee ntị na nkuzi a na ngwa

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Kaadị ncheta

Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.

Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

Symmetry is one of the most powerful ideas in mathematics and science. It explains why a regular shape looks balanced, lets engineers design parts that behave the same way whichever way round they are fitted, and underlies patterns in art, nature and crystals. Learning to count and describe symmetry trains you to see the hidden structure in a shape.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Symmetry. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

How many lines of symmetry does a square have? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Answer: D
What is the order of rotational symmetry of an equilateral triangle? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 6 Answer: C
How many lines of symmetry does a rectangle (that is not a square) have? A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Answer: B
A shape with no rotational symmetry has order of rotational symmetry equal to: A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. infinite Answer: B
Which solid has an axis of symmetry of infinite order? A. cuboid B. square-based pyramid C. cone D. triangular prism Answer: C

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