Science Double Award - 4SD0 PearsonEdexcel

The Organism In The Environment

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Look around any natural space and you will see organisms interacting with each other and with their surroundings. Understanding how ecologists describe and measure these interactions is the starting point for the entire ecology unit.

In this lesson you will learn the key terms that ecologists use to organise the living world - from populations and communities to habitats and ecosystems. You will also discover how to investigate population size using quadrats and explore the abiotic and biotic factors that control where organisms live and how many of them survive.

Ebumnobi

  1. Understand the terms: population, community, habitat and ecosystem
  2. Investigate the population size of an organism in two different areas using quadrats
  3. Understand how abiotic and biotic factors affect the population size and distribution of organisms

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Kaadị ncheta

Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.

Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

A single rockpool on a shoreline contains algae, limpets, crabs and tiny fish, all depending on each other and on the temperature, salinity and light that the pool receives. Ecologists call that pool an ecosystem, and to study it properly they need a shared vocabulary and reliable methods for counting organisms. Get those two things right and you can explain why a species thrives in one place but vanishes a few metres away.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na The Organism In The Environment. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. Which of the following best defines a 'community'? A) All the organisms of one species in an area B) All the populations of different species in an area at the same time C) The place where an organism lives D) All the abiotic factors in an area Answer: B
  2. A student counts 60 daisy plants in 10 quadrats each measuring 1 m squared. The total field area is 500 m squared. What is the estimated daisy population? A) 300 B) 600 C) 3000 D) 6000 Answer: C
  3. Which of the following is an abiotic factor? A) Competition B) Predation C) Light intensity D) Disease Answer: C
  4. Why must quadrats be placed randomly in a survey area? A) To make the experiment easier B) To ensure the sample is representative and avoids bias C) To increase the total number of organisms counted D) To reduce the number of quadrats needed Answer: B
  5. In a woodland ecosystem, what would be the most likely effect of a disease killing most of the rabbits? A) Fox population increases B) Grass population increases C) Owl population increases D) Beetle population decreases Answer: B

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