Formulas And Terminology
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds, and carbon's talent for forming long chains and rings gives us millions of them. To make sense of so many compounds, chemists sort them into families that share a common reactive part. That shared part is the key to the whole subject.
In this lesson you will meet the idea of a homologous series, a family of compounds with the same functional group and the same general formula. You will learn what a functional group is and why every member of a family reacts in much the same way.
Ebumnobi
- Draw and interpret the displayed formula of a molecule to show all the atoms and all the bonds.
- Write and interpret general formulae of compounds in the same homologous series, limited to: (a) alkanes, C H n 2n+2 (b) alkenes, C H n 2n (c) alcohols, C H OH n 2n+1 (d) carboxylic acids, C H COOH n 2n+1.
- Identify a functional group as an atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a homologous series.
- [Supplement] State that a structural formula is an unambiguous description of the way the atoms in a molecule are arranged, including CH =CH , 2 2 CH CH OH, CH COOCH 3 2 3 3.
- [Supplement] Define structural isomers as compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae, including C H as 4 10 CH CH CH CH and CH CH(CH )CH and 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 C H as CH CH CH=CH and CH CH=CHCH 4 8 3 2 2 3 3.
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Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Formulas And Terminology. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same: A. Colour B. Functional group and general formula C. Number of atoms D. Boiling point Answer: B
- The functional group of the alkenes is: A. -OH B. -COOH C. C=C double bond D. C-C single bond Answer: C
- Successive members of a homologous series differ by: A. CH4 B. CH2 C. H2O D. CO2 Answer: B
- The general formula of the alkanes is: A. CnH2n B. CnH2n+2 C. CnH2n+1OH D. CnH2n-2 Answer: B
- A functional group is the part of a molecule that determines its: A. Mass B. Colour C. Chemical reactions D. State Answer: C
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Akwụkwọ A Na-atụ Aro
Mụtakwuo ihe site na isi mmalite mepere emepe
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Akụkụ akwụkwọ
Hydrocarbons
Explain the importance of hydrocarbons and the reason for their diversity
"Chemistry: Hydrocarbons" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/20-1-hydrocarbons. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Akụkụ akwụkwọ
Chemical Formulas
Symbolize the composition of molecules using molecular formulas and empirical formulas
"Chemistry: Chemical Formulas" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/2-4-chemical-formulas. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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