Selective Breeding In Animals And Plants
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Almost every animal and crop on a modern farm has been shaped by people. The dairy cow that gives thousands of litres of milk, the rice that shrugs off a disease that once destroyed harvests, the wheat with fat heads of grain: none of these arose by chance. They are the result of selective breeding, the patient choosing of the best parents generation after generation until a desired feature becomes the norm.
In this lesson you will learn how artificial selection improves yield, disease resistance, hardiness and appearance in livestock and crops, using real named breeds and varieties. You will see how artificial insemination spreads the genes of an outstanding sire across thousands of animals, weigh up its benefits and drawbacks, and learn the crucial difference between traditional selective breeding and producing genetically modified (GM) crops.
Ebumnobi
- (a) describe how breeding can improve yield, disease resistance, hardiness and appearance in livestock and in crops.
- (b) understand the role of artificial selection in the production of improved varieties of animals and plants of economic importance.
- (c) understand the benefits of artificial insemination.
- (d) understand the differences between selective crop breeding and genetically modified (GM) crops.
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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Selective Breeding In Animals And Plants. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Selective breeding improves a herd or crop by: A. Inserting genes from another species B. Breeding only from individuals with the desired feature C. Spraying chemicals on the best plants D. Giving extra fertiliser to the strongest animals Answer: B
- Which breed is famous for being selectively bred for very high milk yield? A. Holstein Friesian B. Merino C. Leghorn D. Aberdeen Angus Answer: A
- Artificial insemination is mainly used to: A. Cure diseases in cattle B. Spread the genes of one superior male to many females C. Increase the milk fat content directly D. Replace selective breeding completely Answer: B
- Which statement is true of a GM crop but not of a crop improved by selective breeding? A. It can pass features to its offspring B. It was developed by farmers C. It contains a gene inserted directly into its DNA D. It can increase yield Answer: C
- Which of these is a disadvantage of growing GM crops? A. They always have lower yields B. The seed is often expensive to buy C. They cannot resist pests D. They take many generations to develop Answer: B
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"Biology: Biotechnology" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/17-1-biotechnology. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
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Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Selective Breeding In Animals And Plants? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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