Economics - 0455 CIE

Workers (continued)

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Why does a surgeon earn far more than a cleaner, or a worker in one city more than the same worker in another? Wages are not random: they are set by the demand for and supply of labour, by bargaining power, by discrimination and by government policy.

In this lesson you will explain why wages differ between jobs, sectors and groups, see how easily workers can move between occupations and places, and weigh the advantages and disadvantages of the division of labour. By the end you will be able to analyse any wage difference like an economist.

Ebumnobi

  1. reasons for differences: - demand for and supply of labour - relative bargaining strengths - discrimination, e.g. male/female - government policy
  2. how these reasons influence the wages of workers, depending on: - level of skills of workers - economic sector workers operate in: primary/secondary/tertiary - discrimination between workers, e.g. male/female - whether the worker is working in the private sector or public sector
  3. causes of changes in the occupational and geographical mobility of labour
  4. consequences of changes in the occupational and geographical mobility of labour
  5. definition of division of labour (worker specialisation)
  6. advantages and disadvantages of division of labour

Nkuzi Olu

Gee ntị na nkuzi a na ngwa

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Kaadị ncheta

Omume ncheta ngwa ngwa n'ihe a na-anwale n'isiokwu a.

Mee omume kaadị ndị a na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

Most people's living standards depend on the wage they can earn. Understanding what drives wages explains real-world questions: why skills pay, why some industries are stuck with low pay, why a gender pay gap persists, and why a minimum wage exists. These are exactly the wage-differential and labour-mobility questions the syllabus tests.

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Nweta ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwenti gi ma o bu kompiuta maka ulo akwukwo IGCSE zuru oke: akwukwo ule ndi gara aga, usoro nyocha, eserese uche, kaadi omumu na nkuzi olu.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Workers (continued). Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. Skilled workers usually earn more than unskilled workers mainly because: A. they work longer hours B. their labour is in lower supply and higher demand C. they pay less tax D. they are geographically mobile Answer: B
  2. Occupational mobility of labour refers to the ease of moving between: A. different countries B. different places to live C. different types of job D. different employers in one job Answer: C
  3. Which is a disadvantage of the division of labour? A. higher productivity B. lower quality of output C. work becoming repetitive and boring D. workers becoming experts Answer: C
  4. A strong trade union can raise its members' wages by increasing their: A. occupational immobility B. bargaining strength C. supply of labour D. tax rate Answer: B
  5. Geographical immobility of labour can cause: A. lower wages for skilled workers only B. regional unemployment and unfilled vacancies elsewhere C. faster economic growth D. an increase in the supply of all labour Answer: B

Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu

Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu

Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha

Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Workers (continued)? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.

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