JAMB UTME - Government - 2022

Akọwa Nkọwa

The oversight function is performed by the legislature. This means that the responsibility for checking and monitoring the actions of the executive branch of government, such as the President or Prime Minister, is the duty of the legislative branch, which is typically composed of elected representatives. The oversight function helps to ensure that the executive branch is acting in accordance with the law and in the best interests of the citizens. This includes monitoring the allocation of funds, the implementation of policies, and the conduct of government officials. The legislative branch can use a variety of tools to carry out its oversight function, including holding hearings, conducting investigations, and requesting information and reports from the executive branch. Ultimately, the oversight function serves as a crucial check and balance on the power of the executive branch, helping to maintain the democratic principles of transparency and accountability.

Akọwa Nkọwa

A recurring principal objective of Nigerian foreign policy is promoting world peace with justice. Nigeria's foreign policy is centered on the promotion of peace and security in Africa and the world at large. Nigeria seeks to maintain good diplomatic relationships with other countries and organizations around the world, and to actively participate in international efforts to promote peace and stability. Nigeria has played a significant role in peacekeeping missions around the world, especially in Africa. The country has also been active in resolving conflicts and promoting peace in various African countries, such as Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Sudan. In summary, the key objective of Nigerian foreign policy is to contribute to global peace and security, and to promote justice and fairness in international relations.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

Red-tapism in the civil service refers to the slowness of action caused by bureaucratic procedures and excessive adherence to rules and regulations, often resulting in delays and inefficiencies in the delivery of public services. It is associated with the excessive use of red tape and administrative formalities, which can make it difficult for civil servants to make timely decisions or take action, and can hinder the effectiveness of the civil service as a whole. While red-tapism can sometimes be a necessary aspect of maintaining accountability and transparency, it can also be a barrier to innovation, responsiveness, and effective governance.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

The leaders who spearheaded the transformation of the Organization of African Unity into the African Union are from Nigeria, Libya, and South Africa.

Akọwa Nkọwa

One of the reasons advanced for the overthrow of the Gowon Regime was its failure to honour the promise to hand over power.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Nigeria's support for the South-South Cooperation is based on her desire to promote economic understanding in the Third World and counter the political and military domination by major powers.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The Secretary General of the League of Nations was Joseph Avenol. The League of Nations was an international organization founded after World War I to promote peace and cooperation among nations. It was in existence from 1920 to 1946. Joseph Avenol was the Secretary General of the League of Nations from 1933 to 1940. He was responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of the organization and working to achieve its goals.

Akọwa Nkọwa

In the real sense, there are 54 sovereign African countries and two disputed areas, namely Somaliland (autonomous region of Somalia) and Western Sahara (occupied by Morocco and claimed by the Polisario).

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

Under the independence constitution of Nigeria, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe was the Governor General.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The major consequence of the privatization exercise in Nigeria is the mass retrenchment of labor. Privatization involves the transfer of ownership and control of state-owned enterprises to private individuals or companies. In Nigeria, privatization led to the sale of many state-owned enterprises, such as refineries, steel plants, and telecommunications companies, to private investors. As private investors take over these companies, they often make changes to increase efficiency and profitability, which can include downsizing the workforce. This can result in the mass retrenchment of labor, where many workers lose their jobs. This has been a major consequence of the privatization exercise in Nigeria, and it has had a significant impact on the Nigerian labor market. The mass retrenchment of labor has led to a decrease in the standard of living for many Nigerians, as unemployment rates have risen and many families struggle to make ends meet. Additionally, it has had a negative impact on the Nigerian economy, as the loss of income and purchasing power for many workers has led to a decrease in consumer spending, which can slow down economic growth. In summary, the privatization exercise in Nigeria has led to the mass retrenchment of labor, which has had significant social and economic consequences for the country.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that aims to promote social and economic justice by advancing the rights of individuals in the world of work. This includes safeguarding the rights of workers, promoting decent working conditions, and providing assistance in times of emergencies. The ILO also works to coordinate the activities of organized agencies, both within the UN system and beyond, to ensure that its goals are effectively achieved.

Akọwa Nkọwa

A constitution that requires specific statutory procedures for amendment is said to be "rigid". A rigid constitution is one that is difficult to amend or change. In such a constitution, there are specific procedures and requirements that must be followed in order to make changes to the document. The idea behind a rigid constitution is to ensure that the document is not easily altered or manipulated by those in power. This helps to provide a measure of stability and predictability in the governance of a country. However, it can also make it difficult to make necessary changes to the constitution in response to changing circumstances or the will of the people. In contrast, a flexible constitution is one that can be easily amended or changed through ordinary legislative procedures. This type of constitution allows for greater flexibility and adaptability in the governance of a country, but it can also make the document more vulnerable to political manipulation or abuse. Overall, the choice between a rigid or flexible constitution is a matter of balancing stability and predictability with adaptability and responsiveness to changing circumstances.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The system of government where a single person or a group has unlimited power is called autocracy. In this type of government, the ruler(s) can make laws and decisions without any checks or balances from other branches or individuals. This means that the ruler(s) can do whatever they want, without needing approval or input from anyone else. Examples of autocratic systems include absolute monarchies and dictatorships.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Government is different from other political organizations because it has legitimate power over citizens, it can punish those who violate its rules, and it is made up of elected officials (in some forms of government). Note that not all governments are made up of elected officials.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

The official report of proceedings in parliament is known as Hansard.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The philosophy behind Nigerian federalism is "unity in diversity." Nigeria is a diverse country with many different ethnic groups, cultures, and languages. Federalism was adopted as a way to manage this diversity by granting some level of autonomy to different regions of the country. The idea is that each region can govern itself to some extent, while still being a part of a united Nigeria. This allows for the expression of different cultures and the promotion of local development, while also maintaining national unity. The federal system in Nigeria has three levels of government: federal, state, and local. The federal government is responsible for national issues such as defense, foreign affairs, and currency. The state governments have some autonomy to govern their regions and manage local resources, while the local governments are responsible for providing basic services such as water, sanitation, and primary education. Overall, the philosophy of Nigerian federalism is to create a united and diverse country where different regions have some level of autonomy, while still being a part of a larger nation. This has been an ongoing process with its successes and challenges, as the country continues to strive for greater unity and development.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

In the unitary system of government, power is derived from one source of authority. This means that there is a single central government that holds all the power and authority, and it may delegate some of that power to local or regional governments, but ultimately the power comes from the central government. In a unitary system, the constitution may be flexible, and the judiciary and executive head of state derive their power from the central government.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

Nigeria's bicameral legislature, which consists of the House of Senate and House of Representatives, is similar to the government system of the USA. Both Nigeria and the USA have a two-chamber legislative system, with one chamber representing individual states or regions (Senate) and the other representing the people as a whole (House of Representatives). The legislative branches of both countries play a significant role in the lawmaking process and serve as a check and balance on the executive branch of government.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The French colonial policy aimed at changing Africans into French men was the policy of "assimilation". This policy aimed to make the colonial subjects, in this case the Africans, adopt French culture and values and become fully integrated into French society. The idea was that the Africans would become "French" in every aspect, including language, religion, customs, and laws. The goal was to create a sense of unity and common identity between the colonial subjects and the colonial power, and to establish a strong French presence in the colonies. The policy of assimilation was implemented in various forms throughout the French colonial empire and had a lasting impact on the cultures and identities of the people who lived under French rule.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

The Security Council of the United Nations Organization has five permanent members. These five permanent members are: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These five countries have special privileges and responsibilities in the United Nations, including the power to veto decisions made by the Security Council. The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security and resolving conflicts between nations.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The highest authority in the Yoruba pre-colonial era was the Oba. The Oba was the king and ruler of a Yoruba kingdom. He was considered to be divine and had supreme authority over the people. He was responsible for maintaining law and order, settling disputes, protecting his people, and promoting their welfare. The Oba was assisted by a council of chiefs and advisors who helped him to govern the kingdom. The Oba was also responsible for religious and spiritual matters and was considered to be the intermediary between the people and the gods. Overall, the Oba was the most important and powerful figure in Yoruba society.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The oldest written constitution that is still in effect today is generally considered to be the Constitution of the United States, which was adopted in 1787. While there were written constitutions before the US Constitution, they were not as comprehensive and did not have the same lasting impact. For example, the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which was adopted in 1780, is considered to be the oldest written constitution of a state in the world, but it has been amended many times since its adoption and has been superseded by the US Constitution in many respects.

Akọwa Nkọwa

During the Second Republic in Nigeria, the branch of the legislature responsible for ratifying presidential nominees for appointments was the Senate.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Political parties, suppressed by the military government, were allowed to form in July 1998. Three parties were registered by the Provisional Ruling Council for participation in local, state and national elections: the All People's Party or APP led by Mahmud Waziri; the People's Democratic Party or PDP led by Soloman Lar; and the Alliance for Democracy or AD, led by Ayo Adebanjo.

Akọwa Nkọwa

A unitary system of government is a system where power is centralized and the national government holds most of the governing power. In such a system, the national government has the authority to delegate powers to local or regional governments, but it can also withdraw them if necessary. Regarding which type of state is best suited for a unitary system of government, a homogeneous state is often considered the best fit. This is because a homogeneous state is one in which the population shares a common language, culture, and identity. In such a state, there is often greater unity and less likelihood of conflict between different groups or regions. In a multi-party state, where different political parties have varying levels of power and influence, a unitary system of government may lead to a concentration of power in the hands of the ruling party, which could potentially lead to political instability and conflict. In a heterogeneous state, where different regions or ethnic groups have distinct identities and cultures, a unitary system of government could lead to tension between the national government and local or regional governments. This tension could arise from the national government's attempts to impose policies and regulations that do not reflect the needs or preferences of certain regions or groups. Finally, the type of legislature (unicameral or bicameral) is not a determining factor in whether a unitary system of government is best applicable. The decision to have a unicameral or bicameral legislature is a separate issue that is not directly related to the unitary system of government.

Akọwa Nkọwa

The power allocated to the central government in a federation is primarily contained in the: - Exclusive Legislative List. Therefore, the correct answer is: exclusive legislative list.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

The process of pressure groups trying to influence legislation is known as lobbying. Lobbying refers to the act of attempting to influence decisions made by government, typically by private interest groups, corporations, or individuals. These groups may lobby for a specific cause or issue and attempt to sway the opinions of lawmakers and government officials. The goal of lobbying is to affect the creation, modification, or defeat of laws and policies that impact the group's interests. Lobbying can take many forms, such as direct communication with lawmakers, grassroots campaigns, and advertising. The overall aim of lobbying is to advocate for specific interests and bring about change through the political process.

Akọwa Nkọwa

One of the functions of political parties is to aggregate interest. Political parties are organizations that represent the views and interests of their members and supporters. They bring together people with similar political beliefs and aims, and help to articulate their shared concerns and priorities. By aggregating interest, political parties provide a means for citizens to participate in the political process, and to express their preferences and opinions through democratic channels. While political parties may influence the making of laws and the interpretation of the constitution, they do not have the legal authority to declare a state of emergency.

Akọwa Nkọwa

A typical form of delegated legislation is a bye-law. Delegated legislation refers to laws made by bodies other than the legislature but with the authority of the legislature. A bye-law is a type of delegated legislation that is made by a local authority or a corporation, such as a university, to regulate matters within its jurisdiction. Bye-laws can cover a wide range of issues such as parking, waste disposal, noise control, and building regulations. They are often used to supplement or add detail to existing legislation, and are subject to scrutiny and approval by the appropriate authority. Acts of parliament, decrees, and gazettes are not considered forms of delegated legislation.

Akọwa Nkọwa

Akọwa Nkọwa

Nigeria participated in the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) peacekeeping operations in Liberia and Sierra Leone.