Chemistry - 4CH1 PearsonEdexcel

Group 1 (alkali Metals) – Lithium, Sodium And Potassium

Bayani Gaba-gaba

Drop a pea-sized piece of potassium into water and it bursts into lilac flames, skittering across the surface in seconds. Lithium, by contrast, fizzes gently and takes its time dissolving. Both are Group 1 metals, yet the violence of their reactions is strikingly different, and that difference is the key to understanding chemical families.

In this lesson you will explore how the alkali metals react with water and air, discover why their reactivity increases as you move down the group, and learn to predict the properties of elements you have never even handled, all from their position in the periodic table.

Manufura

  1. understand how the similarities in the reactions of these elements with water provide evidence for their recognition as a family of elements
  2. understand how the differences between the reactions of these elements with air and water provide evidence for the trend in reactivity in Group 1
  3. use knowledge of trends in Group 1 to predict the properties of other alkali metals
  4. explain the trend in reactivity in Group 1 in terms of electronic configurations

Takardar Darasi

Slice through a piece of sodium with a knife and the freshly cut surface gleams silver for a moment before dulling. That tarnish is the metal reacting with oxygen in the air, and it happens faster for each element as you move down Group 1. These metals share a set of characteristic properties precisely because they all have one electron in their outermost shell, and the patterns they show are some of the clearest examples of periodic trends in chemistry.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Group 1 (alkali Metals) – Lithium, Sodium And Potassium. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

  1. Which of the following is the most reactive alkali metal? A) Lithium B) Sodium C) Potassium D) Francium Answer: D
  2. What is produced when sodium reacts with water? A) Sodium oxide and hydrogen B) Sodium hydroxide and oxygen C) Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen D) Sodium chloride and hydrogen Answer: C
  3. The alkali metals become more reactive going down the group because: A) They have more protons B) The outer electron is closer to the nucleus C) The outer electron is further from the nucleus and easier to lose D) They have more electrons in the outer shell Answer: C
  4. Which Group 1 metal floats on water but does NOT catch fire? A) Potassium B) Rubidium C) Sodium D) Caesium Answer: C
  5. What type of solution is formed when a Group 1 metal reacts with water? A) Acidic B) Neutral C) Alkaline D) Saturated Answer: C

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