Sociology - 0495 CIE

What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control?

Bayani Gaba-gaba

Spitting in the street, eating with your hands, marrying more than one person, dyeing your hair green: in one society these are perfectly normal, in another they are shocking, and in a third they will get you arrested. Sociologists draw a sharp line between breaking the law and simply breaking the unwritten rules of a group, and that line moves depending on where you are, who you are with and what year it is. This topic teaches you to think about rule-breaking the way an examiner wants: precisely, and without assuming your own culture sets the standard for everyone.

You will learn to define crime and deviance, to show how deviance is relative rather than fixed, and to map the agencies that keep us in line. Some are formal, with the power of the state behind them, such as the police and the courts. Others are informal and far more constant, such as a disapproving parent, a teacher's frown or a friend who stops messaging you. By the end you will be able to explain how a society holds itself together without most of us ever meeting a police officer.

Manufura

  1. Definitions of crime and deviance.
  2. The relativity of crime and deviance: crime and deviance vary within and between societies, cultures, situations and across time.
  3. Formal agencies of social control: the police, courts, armed forces, government, penal system.
  4. How formal agencies control individuals and prevent crime and deviance.
  5. Informal agencies of social control: family, education, workplace, peer group, traditional and digital media, religion.
  6. How informal agencies control individuals and prevent crime and deviance.

Takardar Darasi

Every society has rules, and every society has people who break them. The interesting sociological question is not simply who offends, but how a society decides what counts as an offence in the first place, and how it pressures most people to behave most of the time without using force. Get the core ideas of this topic right, the difference between crime and deviance, the relativity of deviance, and the two types of social control, and you have the toolkit you need for the whole Crime section. Examiners reward candidates who define these terms precisely and who never assume one culture's rules are universal.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control?. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

  1. Which statement best describes the difference between crime and deviance? A. They mean exactly the same thing B. Crime breaks the law; deviance breaks social norms C. Deviance is always illegal; crime is not D. Only crime brings social disapproval Answer: B
  2. A soldier who kills an enemy in wartime is usually honoured rather than punished. This best illustrates that deviance is relative to: A. social class B. the situation C. gender D. age Answer: B
  3. Which of the following is a FORMAL agency of social control? A. The peer group B. The family C. The courts D. Religion Answer: C
  4. Receiving a medal for bravery is an example of a: A. formal positive sanction B. informal negative sanction C. formal negative sanction D. informal positive sanction Answer: A
  5. The fact that tattoos were once widely disapproved of but are now mainstream shows that deviance varies: A. between cultures B. by situation C. over time D. by gender Answer: C

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Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
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Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

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