Human Biology - 4HB1 PearsonEdexcel

Sense Organs

Bayani Gaba-gaba

Close one eye and try to thread a needle, and the task suddenly gets harder, not because you can see less, but because you have lost the ability to judge distance accurately. The two sense organs in this topic, the eye and the ear, do far more than simply detect light and sound: they focus, protect themselves from damage, and, in the ear's case, also keep you upright.

This topic covers how the eye focuses on near and distant objects and adjusts to changing light, why two eyes give better depth judgment than one, the common eye defects and how they are corrected, the structure of the ear in hearing and balance, the damage prolonged loud noise can cause, and how the range of frequencies audible to the human ear can be measured.

Manufura

  1. Explain the structure and function of the eye in focusing on near and distant objects, responding to changes in light intensity, and stereoscopic vision allowing better judgment of distance
  2. Understand eye defects and their treatment: long sight, short sight, astigmatism, cataracts, and the use of corneal transplants
  3. Explain the structure and function of the ear in balance and hearing
  4. Understand how prolonged exposure to high noise levels affects the functioning of the ear and hearing
  5. Investigate the range of frequency audible to the human ear

Takardar Darasi

The eye focuses light onto the retina using the lens, whose shape is controlled by the ciliary muscles and the suspensory ligaments that hold it in place. This adjustment is called accommodation.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Sense Organs. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

  1. When focusing on a distant object, what happens to the ciliary muscles and the lens? A) Ciliary muscles contract, lens becomes thicker B) Ciliary muscles relax, lens becomes thinner C) Ciliary muscles contract, lens becomes thinner D) Ciliary muscles relax, lens becomes thicker Answer: B
  2. Which eye defect is caused by an eyeball that is too long, so light from distant objects focuses in front of the retina? A) Long sight (hyperopia) B) Astigmatism C) Short sight (myopia) D) Cataracts Answer: C
  3. Which structure in the ear detects rotation of the head for balance? A) Cochlea B) Ossicles C) Eardrum D) Semicircular canals Answer: D
  4. The approximate range of frequency audible to a healthy young human ear is: A) 2 Hz to 2,000 Hz B) 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz C) 200 Hz to 200,000 Hz D) 2,000 Hz to 2,000,000 Hz Answer: B
  5. Cataracts are caused by: A) An eyeball that is too short B) An unevenly curved cornea C) A cloudy lens D) Damage to the cochlea Answer: C

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Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
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Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

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