Biology - 0610 CIE

Hormones

Bayani Gaba-gaba

Alongside the fast electrical signals of the nervous system, your body has a second messaging service: chemical messengers called hormones. They travel in the blood and switch on changes in distant organs, controlling everything from your heartbeat in a fright to your blood sugar after a meal.

In this lesson you will learn what a hormone is, name the main endocrine glands and the hormones they release, study adrenaline as the 'fight or flight' hormone, and compare nervous and hormonal control. These comparisons are classic exam questions.

Manufura

Describe a hormone as a chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more specific target organs
Identify in diagrams and images specific endocrine glands and state the hormones they secrete, limited to: (a) adrenal glands and adrenaline (b) pancreas and insulin (c) testes and testosterone (d) ovaries and oestrogen
Describe adrenaline as the hormone secreted in ‘fight or flight’ situations and its effects, limited to: (a) increased breathing rate (b) increased heart rate (c) increased pupil diameter
Compare nervous and hormonal control, limited to speed of action and duration of effect
[Supplement] State that glucagon is secreted by the pancreas
[Supplement] Describe the role of adrenaline in the control of metabolic activity, limited to: (a) i ncreasing the blood glucose concentration (b) increasing heart rate

Takardar Darasi

Hormones coordinate slower, longer-lasting and more widespread changes than nerves can. They control growth, reproduction, blood sugar and the body's response to stress. Examiners reliably ask you to define a hormone, name glands and their hormones, and compare hormonal with nervous control.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Hormones. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

A hormone is a chemical substance that is: A. produced by a nerve and carried by impulses B. produced by a gland and carried by the blood C. made in the stomach and carried by ducts D. produced by a muscle Answer: B
Which gland secretes adrenaline? A. pancreas B. ovary C. adrenal gland D. testis Answer: C
Insulin is secreted by the: A. liver B. pancreas C. adrenal gland D. kidney Answer: B
Which is an effect of adrenaline? A. decreased heart rate B. smaller pupils C. increased breathing rate D. slower breathing Answer: C
Compared with nervous control, hormonal control is: A. faster and shorter-lasting B. slower and longer-lasting C. faster and longer-lasting D. slower and shorter-lasting Answer: B