Sociology - 0495 CIE

What Attempts Have Been Made To Reduce Social Inequalities? Continued

Bayani Gaba-gaba

The last lesson showed how governments try to reduce inequality through taxes, benefits, free education and law. This one asks the awkward follow up: does any of it actually work, and might some of it even make things worse? Every major perspective has a sharp criticism to make. The New Right warns that generous welfare can trap people in dependency and breed an underclass. Marxists say the welfare state only patches up a system that produces poverty in the first place. Feminists say equality laws look good on paper but leave deep gender inequalities untouched.

You will learn to set these criticisms against the measures, weigh the evidence, and avoid the trap of treating any policy as a simple cure. You will meet the idea of a dependency culture and the underclass, the disputed culture of poverty, the Marxist view that welfare props up capitalism, the limits of charities and NGOs, and the feminist case that the law does not reach the real roots of women's inequality. By the end you will be able to argue both that the state can reduce inequality and that its efforts fall short.

Manufura

  1. New Right criticisms of the welfare state/underclass.
  2. The culture of poverty and the dependency culture.
  3. Marxist criticisms of the welfare state.
  4. Criticisms of NGOs.
  5. Feminist criticisms of equality legislation.

Takardar Darasi

This is the evaluation half of the topic, and evaluation is where the marks are won in the (e) question. Knowing the measures is not enough; examiners reward candidates who can criticise them from more than one perspective and then judge how serious each criticism really is. If you can explain the New Right idea of a dependency culture, the Marxist view that welfare only props up capitalism, and the feminist case against equality law, and weigh them against the evidence, you can argue both sides of any question on whether the state can reduce inequality, and reach the supported conclusion the top band demands.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan What Attempts Have Been Made To Reduce Social Inequalities? Continued. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

  1. The idea that generous welfare benefits make people rely on the state instead of working is called the: A. safety valve B. dependency culture C. poverty line D. glass ceiling Answer: B
  2. Which sociologist argued in Losing Ground (1984) that welfare had created an underclass? A. Peter Townsend B. Oscar Lewis C. Charles Murray D. Howard Becker Answer: C
  3. Marxists describe the welfare state as a safety valve because it: A. abolishes private property B. ends the exploitation of workers C. softens hardship and so stabilises capitalism D. taxes only the very wealthy Answer: C
  4. A common feminist criticism of equal opportunities laws is that they: A. make women rely on benefits B. leave patriarchy and unpaid domestic work untouched C. cause an underclass D. tax workers too heavily Answer: B
  5. Which is a criticism often made of NGOs and charities? A. they guarantee funding to every area equally B. their help can be patchy and may relieve suffering without changing structures C. they replace the need for any government action D. they end global inequality Answer: B

Akwai a cikin manhajar Green Bridge

Zazzage manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayar ka ko kwamfyuta ka don samun cikakkiyar bayanan darasi, tambayoyin aiki, da ƙari.

Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
Mataimakiyar koyo da AI
Yi karatu ba tare da intanet ba, a kowane lokaci, a ko'ina
Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

Akwai a cikin manhajar Green Bridge

Zazzage manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayar ka ko kwamfyuta ka don samun cikakkiyar bayanan darasi, tambayoyin aiki, da ƙari.

Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
Mataimakiyar koyo da AI
Yi karatu ba tare da intanet ba, a kowane lokaci, a ko'ina
Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

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