Economics - 0455 CIE

Fiscal Policy

Bayani Gaba-gaba

Every year a government draws up a budget: a plan of what it will raise in taxes and what it will spend on schools, hospitals, defence and welfare. Whether that plan runs a deficit, a surplus or a balance shapes the whole economy, and using it deliberately to steer the economy is what economists call fiscal policy.

In this lesson you will define the government budget and its deficit and surplus, calculate the size of each, and explore the main areas of government spending, why governments spend on them and what effects that spending has. This is your first look at how governments manage the whole economy.

Manufura

  1. definitions of: - government budget - government budget deficit - government budget surplus
  2. calculations of the size of a government budget deficit/surplus
  3. main areas of government spending and the reasons for and effects of spending in these areas

Takardar Darasi

The government is the single biggest player in most economies. How much it taxes and how much it spends affects growth, jobs, inflation and the gap between rich and poor. Fiscal policy, the use of government spending and taxation, is one of the two great levers (the other being monetary policy) that governments pull to manage the macroeconomy. Understanding the budget is the starting point.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Fiscal Policy. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

  1. A government budget deficit occurs when: A. revenue equals spending B. spending exceeds revenue C. revenue exceeds spending D. there is no borrowing Answer: B
  2. A government has revenue of $400bn and spending of $360bn. The budget is: A. in deficit of $40bn B. in surplus of $40bn C. balanced D. in deficit of $760bn Answer: B
  3. Which area of government spending is mainly intended to redistribute income? A. defence B. welfare benefits C. debt interest D. infrastructure Answer: B
  4. Fiscal policy refers to the use of: A. interest rates and the money supply B. government spending and taxation C. exchange rates D. trade barriers Answer: B
  5. Education is often funded by the government because it is: A. a demerit good B. a merit good that is under-provided by the market C. a public good only D. a luxury good Answer: B

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Zazzage manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayar ka ko kwamfyuta ka don samun cikakkiyar bayanan darasi, tambayoyin aiki, da ƙari.

Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
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Yi karatu ba tare da intanet ba, a kowane lokaci, a ko'ina
Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

Akwai a cikin manhajar Green Bridge

Zazzage manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayar ka ko kwamfyuta ka don samun cikakkiyar bayanan darasi, tambayoyin aiki, da ƙari.

Cikakkiyar bayanan darasi tare da zane-zane
Mataimakiyar koyo da AI
Yi karatu ba tare da intanet ba, a kowane lokaci, a ko'ina
Akwai a Android, Windows, macOS, da Linux

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