Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) - 0654 CIE

Isotopes

Bayani Gaba-gaba

You might expect every atom of an element to be identical, but many elements come in slightly different versions. These versions, called isotopes, have the same chemistry but different masses. Chlorine, for example, is a blend of two isotopes, which is why its relative atomic mass is not a whole number.

In this lesson you will learn exactly what an isotope is, why isotopes of an element behave identically in chemical reactions, and how their existence explains the average masses you see in the Periodic Table.

Manufura

Define isotopes as different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Interpret and use symbols for atoms, e.g. ¹²₆C, and ions, e.g. ³⁵₁₇Cl⁻.
[Supplement] State that isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons and therefore the same electronic configuration.
[Supplement] Calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative masses and abundances of its isotopes.

Takardar Darasi

Isotopes explain why relative atomic masses are often not whole numbers, and they are the reason a single element can have atoms of different mass. The idea also underpins radioactive dating, medical scans and a great deal of modern science.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Isotopes. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

Isotopes of an element have the same number of: A. Neutrons B. Protons C. Nucleons D. Mass numbers Answer: B
Isotopes of an element differ in their number of: A. Protons B. Electrons C. Neutrons D. Shells Answer: C
Why do isotopes of an element react in the same way? A. They have the same number of neutrons B. They have the same electron arrangement C. They have the same mass D. They are radioactive Answer: B
How many neutrons are in an atom of chlorine-37? (proton number 17) A. 17 B. 18 C. 20 D. 37 Answer: C
Why is the relative atomic mass of chlorine 35.5 and not a whole number? A. Chlorine has half a neutron B. It is an average of its isotopes C. Chlorine has no isotopes D. The protons vary Answer: B