Financial Terms And Calculations
Bayani Gaba-gaba
A tailor in Kaduna rents a workshop for 40,000 naira a month whether she sews one dress or four hundred. Every dress she sews costs her 900 naira in fabric and thread, and she sells each one for 2,400 naira. She has never worked out how many dresses she has to sell before the month stops costing her money and starts paying her, and she does not need to be an accountant to do it: the answer is a single division that would take her ninety seconds. Until she does it, every decision she makes about price, about hours and about whether to take on an apprentice is a guess.
This lesson gives you the arithmetic that turns those guesses into decisions. You will separate fixed costs from variable costs and build revenue, total cost and profit from them; find the break-even output and the margin of safety by reading a set of figures rather than by memorising a formula; and calculate the payback period on an investment, which is the calculation this specification asks for most often. Two things the specification says in writing are worth knowing before you start: you will not be asked to draw a break-even chart or to use the break-even formula, and you will not be given any formulae in the exam.
Manufura
- Basic financial terms.
- Basic financial calculations.
- Break-even.
- Payback period.
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Takardar Darasi
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Nazarin Darasi
Barka da kammala darasi akan Financial Terms And Calculations. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.
Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.
Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.
- A business has variable costs of 3.00 dollars per item manufactured and fixed costs of 500 dollars. What is the total cost of manufacturing 1,000 items? A. 500 dollars B. 3,000 dollars C. 3,500 dollars D. 5,000 dollars Answer: C
- Which one of the following is a fixed cost for a bakery? A. Flour used to make bread B. Paper bags for customers C. Insurance on the shop D. Electricity used by the ovens Answer: C
- A business breaks even at 900 units and expects to sell 1,150 units. What is its margin of safety? A. 250 units B. 900 units C. 1,150 units D. 2,050 units Answer: A
- A machine costs 60,000 and produces net cash inflows of 15,000 a year. What is the payback period? A. 2 years B. 4 years C. 15 years D. 45 years Answer: B
- At the break-even level of output, which one of the following is true? A. Revenue is greater than total costs B. Revenue equals total costs C. Revenue equals fixed costs D. Variable costs equal fixed costs Answer: B
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