Science - Combined - 0653 CIE

Redox

Bayani Gaba-gaba

When iron rusts, when a fuel burns, when a battery drives your phone, the same hidden bargain is taking place: one substance loses something and another gains it. That bargain is a redox reaction, the simultaneous oxidation and reduction that powers an enormous slice of chemistry, biology and industry.

In this lesson you will learn redox three ways: as the gain and loss of oxygen, as the transfer of electrons, and as a change in oxidation number. You will assign oxidation numbers with Roman numerals, spot oxidising and reducing agents, and read the tell-tale colour changes that prove a redox reaction has happened.

Manufura

[Core] Define redox reactions as involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction
[Core] Define oxidation as gain of oxygen and reduction as loss of oxygen
[Core] Identify redox reactions as reactions involving gain and loss of oxygen
[Core] Identify oxidation and reduction in redox reactions. (Oxidation number limited to its use to name ions, e.g. iron(II), iron(III), copper(II).)

Takardar Darasi

Redox reactions are the engine room of chemistry. Combustion, respiration, rusting, the extraction of metals from their ores and every battery and fuel cell all rely on electrons moving from one substance to another. Learn to recognise oxidation and reduction reliably and a huge amount of chemistry suddenly fits one pattern.

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Nazarin Darasi

Barka da kammala darasi akan Redox. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.

Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.

Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.

Which statement defines oxidation in terms of electrons? A. Gain of electrons B. Loss of electrons C. Gain of protons D. Loss of neutrons Answer: B
What is the oxidation number of an element in its uncombined state? A. +1 B. -1 C. 0 D. equal to its group number Answer: C
In the reaction CuO + H2 -> Cu + H2O, the reducing agent is: A. CuO B. H2 C. Cu D. H2O Answer: B
An oxidising agent is a substance that: A. is itself oxidised B. oxidises another substance and is itself reduced C. loses oxygen only D. gains electrons from no other species Answer: B
When iodide ions turn acidified potassium iodide from colourless to yellow-brown, the iodide ions are: A. reduced B. oxidised C. unchanged D. acting as an oxidising agent Answer: B