How Do Sociologists Investigate Society? Continued
Bayani Gaba-gaba
Once a study is planned and a sample chosen, the sociologist faces the practical question: how do I actually gather the data? Do I post out a questionnaire, sit down for a long conversation, watch from the corner of a room, or even join in myself, possibly without telling anyone who I am? Each method gathers a different kind of truth, and each carries its own risks, from people lying on a form to a researcher being changed by the group they joined.
This lesson teaches the main methods and how to weigh them: surveys and questionnaires, the four kinds of interview, the four kinds of observation, and experiments. It then shows how a researcher actually chooses, using the practical, ethical and theoretical factors, and it takes ethics seriously: informed consent, privacy, honesty and the duty to do no harm. These are the judgements that turn a method into responsible research.
Manufura
- Surveys.
- Questionnaires.
- Interviews (structured, semi-structured, unstructured, group).
- Observations (participant, non-participant, covert, overt).
- Strengths and limitations of each method.
- Open.
- Closed.
- Multiple choice.
- Scaled.
- Researcher perspective (positivist/interpretivist).
- Access to sample.
- Response rate.
- Funding/cost.
- Time.
- Informed consent.
- Privacy/confidentiality.
- Deception.
- Prevention of harm.
- Legality.
Takardar Darasi
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Nazarin Darasi
Barka da kammala darasi akan How Do Sociologists Investigate Society? Continued. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.
Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.
Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.
- A question that lets respondents answer in their own words is called: A. a closed question B. an open question C. a scaled question D. a multiple-choice question Answer: B
- An interview that follows a fixed list of questions in a set order is a: A. structured interview B. unstructured interview C. group interview D. semi-structured interview Answer: A
- When a researcher joins in a group's activities while studying it, this is called: A. non-participant observation B. participant observation C. a laboratory experiment D. a structured interview Answer: B
- Research carried out without the knowledge of those being studied is described as: A. overt B. covert C. longitudinal D. stratified Answer: B
- Ensuring people agree to take part knowing what the research involves is called: A. informed consent B. operationalisation C. triangulation D. confidentiality Answer: A
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