Identification Of Ions And Gases Continued
Bayani Gaba-gaba
Faced with an unknown solution, a chemist can name the ions in it using a short list of simple, reliable tests. A few drops of sodium hydroxide, a wisp of ammonia, a flame and a damp piece of litmus paper are enough to identify a whole range of cations and gases by the colours they produce.
In this lesson you will learn the tests for aqueous cations using sodium hydroxide and ammonia solution, the flame-test colours of the common metal ions, and the tests for six important gases. These are high-value, frequently examined practical facts, and learning the exact colours is worth easy marks.
Manufura
- Describe tests using aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia to identify the aqueous cations: (a) aluminium, Al³⁺ (b) ammonium, NH₄⁺ (c) calcium, Ca²⁺ (d) chromium(III), Cr³⁺ (e) copper(II), Cu²⁺ (f) iron(II), Fe²⁺ (g) iron(III), Fe³⁺ (h) zinc, Zn²⁺.
- Describe tests to identify the gases: (a) ammonia, NH₃, using damp red litmus paper (b) carbon dioxide, CO₂, using limewater (c) chlorine, Cl₂, using damp litmus paper (d) hydrogen, H₂, using a lighted splint (e) oxygen, O₂, using a glowing splint (f) sulfur dioxide, SO₂, using acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII).
- Describe the use of a flame test to identify the cations: (a) lithium, Li+ (b) sodium, Na+ (c) potassium, K+ (d) calcium, Ca2+ (e) barium, Ba2+ (f) copper(II), Cu2+.
Takardar Darasi
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Nazarin Darasi
Barka da kammala darasi akan Identification Of Ions And Gases Continued. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.
Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.
Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.
- Which cation gives a light blue precipitate with sodium hydroxide that does NOT dissolve in excess? A. Aluminium B. Copper(II) C. Zinc D. Calcium Answer: B
- Which cation gives a precipitate that dissolves in excess ammonia to form a dark blue solution? A. Iron(III) B. Copper(II) C. Calcium D. Aluminium Answer: B
- What is the flame-test colour of a potassium ion? A. Yellow B. Red C. Lilac D. Light green Answer: C
- Which gas relights a glowing splint? A. Hydrogen B. Carbon dioxide C. Oxygen D. Ammonia Answer: C
- Which gas turns damp red litmus paper blue? A. Chlorine B. Carbon dioxide C. Sulfur dioxide D. Ammonia Answer: D
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