Ecosystems
Bayani Gaba-gaba
A rock pool, a patch of rainforest and the open ocean look nothing alike, yet each is an ecosystem: a community of living things and the non-living surroundings they depend on, all linked by the steady flow of energy and the endless recycling of matter. Pull on one thread, such as removing a top predator or a single insect, and the whole web can shift in ways no one predicted. Understanding how an ecosystem fits together is the first step to managing it without breaking it.
In this lesson you will meet the building blocks of an ecosystem, from habitat and niche to producers, consumers and decomposers, and the biotic and abiotic factors that shape life. You will trace energy through food chains, food webs and trophic levels, learn why only about a tenth of it passes between levels, and follow carbon as it cycles through photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition and combustion.
Manufura
- 5.1.1 Describe the components of an ecosystem, limited to: (a) habitat (b) species (c) population (d) community (e) niche (f) prey (g) predator (h) apex predator.
- 5.1.2 Describe the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem, limited to: (a) biotic (living): producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers and decomposers (b) abiotic (non-living): temperature, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, salinity, light, pH.
- 5.1.3 Describe biotic interactions, limited to: (a) native and invasive species (b) competition (c) predation (d) pollination.
- 5.1.4 Describe pollination, limited to: (a) the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma (b) insect pollination by an insect pollinator (c) wind pollination (d) pollination leads to fertilisation followed by seed and fruit formation. Knowledge of the structure and naming of flower parts are not required.
- 5.1.5 Describe the process of photosynthesis and the importance of chlorophyll, limited to: (a) synthesis of glucose using carbon dioxide and water (b) sunlight as the source of energy (c) chlorophyll to capture light energy (d) word equation: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen.
- 5.1.6 Describe and interpret energy flow using food chains, food webs and trophic levels, limited to: (a) 10% of energy is passed between trophic levels (producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer) (b) energy lost during life processes: movement, respiration, digestion and excretion.
- 5.1.7 Describe, interpret and explain ecological pyramids based on numbers and energy.
- 5.1.8 Describe the process of aerobic respiration, limited to: (a) break down of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy, with carbon dioxide and water as waste products (b) word equation: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.
- 5.1.9 Describe the carbon cycle, limited to: (a) photosynthesis (b) respiration (c) feeding (d) decomposition (e) formation of fossil fuels (f) combustion.
Darasin Sauti
Saurari wannan darasi a cikin manhaja
Taswirar tunani
An zana wannan batu don ka ga yadda ra'ayoyi ke hadewa.
Bude taswirar tunani a cikin manhaja
Katunan tunawa
Gwaji mai sauri kan abin da ake jarraba a wannan batu.
Yi atisayen wadannan katuna a cikin manhaja
Takardar Darasi
Cikakken Bayanin Darasi Yana Kan Manhajar Green Bridge
Sami manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayarka ko kwamfutarka domin cikakken laburaren IGCSE: takardun jarrabawar baya, tsarin kimantawa, taswirar tunani, katunan karatu da darussan sauti.
Nazarin Darasi
Barka da kammala darasi akan Ecosystems. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman raayoyi da raayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.
Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.
Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.
- All the individuals of one species living in an area are called a: A. community B. population C. habitat D. niche Answer: B
- Which of these is an abiotic component of an ecosystem? A. a decomposer B. a producer C. salinity D. a herbivore Answer: C
- Approximately what percentage of energy passes from one trophic level to the next? A. 1% B. 10% C. 50% D. 90% Answer: B
- In a food chain the arrows show the direction of: A. energy flow B. water movement C. predator escape D. decay Answer: A
- Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? A. respiration B. combustion C. photosynthesis D. decomposition Answer: C
Yi aikin wadannan tambayoyi a cikin manhaja
Yi aikin wadannan tambayoyi a cikin manhaja
Littattafan da ake ba da shawarar karantawa
Ƙarin koyo daga tushe na buɗe
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Sashen littafi
Energy Flow through Ecosystems
Describe how organisms acquire energy in a food web and in associated food chains
"Biology: Energy Flow through Ecosystems" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/46-2-energy-flow-through-ecosystems. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
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Sashen littafi
The Scope of Ecology
Define ecology and the four levels of ecological research
"Biology: The Scope of Ecology" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/44-1-the-scope-of-ecology. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Wasu ƙungiyoyi ne suka wallafa su ƙarƙashin lasisin buɗe, kuma muna ambaton su yadda suka nema. Hanyoyin suna buɗe shafukansu.
Yi Aikin Tambayoyin Gwaji
Kana son yin aikin tambayoyin gwaji kan Ecosystems? Sauke manhajar Green Bridge CBT don samun tambayoyin gwaji da cikakkun jarrabawa akan wannan batu.
Sauke Manhajar Daga Google Playstore
Duk abin da kake buƙata don yin fice a JAMB, WAEC & NECO.
