Breathing
Bayani Gaba-gaba
You have taken roughly twenty thousand breaths since this time yesterday and noticed almost none of them. Every one of them ran the same errand: bringing fresh air close enough to your blood for oxygen to cross into it, and carrying away the carbon dioxide your cells have finished with. Nothing pumps those gases across. They move by diffusion, which is slow and works only over very short distances, so the body has to build a surface that makes it fast.
This lesson takes that surface apart. You will name the eight structures the specification asks you to recognise on a diagram of the respiratory system, follow air down the branching tubes from the trachea to the alveoli, and work out why a gas exchange surface the size of a badminton court is folded up inside your ribcage. Along the way you will see why an organism the size of you cannot do what a single cell does and simply swap gases across its own outer surface.
Manufura
- The respiratory (breathing) system takes air into and out of the body so that oxygen from the air can diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide can diffuse out of the bloodstream into the air. The lungs are in the upper part of the body (thorax), protected by the ribcage and separated from the lower part of the body (abdomen) by the diaphragm. Students should be able to recognise the following on a diagram of the respiratory system: ribs, intercostal muscles, diaphragm, lungs, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.
- The alveoli provide a very large surface area, richly supplied with blood capillaries, so that gases can readily diffuse into and out of the blood.
Taswirar tunani
An zana wannan batu don ka ga yadda ra'ayoyi ke hadewa.
Bude taswirar tunani a cikin manhaja
Katunan tunawa
Gwaji mai sauri kan abin da ake jarraba a wannan batu.
Yi atisayen wadannan katuna a cikin manhaja
Takardar Darasi
Cikakken Bayanin Darasi Yana Kan Manhajar Green Bridge
Sami manhajar Green Bridge CBT a wayarka ko kwamfutarka domin cikakken laburaren IGCSE: takardun jarrabawar baya, tsarin kimantawa, taswirar tunani, katunan karatu da darussan sauti.
Nazarin Darasi
Barka da kammala darasi akan Breathing. Yanzu da kuka bincika mahimman ra'ayoyi da ra'ayoyi, lokaci yayi da zaku gwada ilimin ku. Wannan sashe yana ba da ayyuka iri-iri Tambayoyin da aka tsara don ƙarfafa fahimtar ku da kuma taimaka muku auna fahimtar ku game da kayan.
Za ka gamu da haɗe-haɗen nau'ikan tambayoyi, ciki har da tambayoyin zaɓi da yawa, tambayoyin gajeren amsa, da tambayoyin rubutu. Kowace tambaya an ƙirƙira ta da kyau don auna fannoni daban-daban na iliminka da ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi.
Yi wannan ɓangaren na kimantawa a matsayin wata dama don ƙarfafa fahimtarka kan batun kuma don gano duk wani yanki da kake buƙatar ƙarin karatu. Kada ka yanke ƙauna da duk wani ƙalubale da ka fuskanta; maimakon haka, ka kallesu a matsayin damar haɓaka da ingantawa.
- Which structure separates the thorax from the abdomen? A. The ribcage B. The diaphragm C. The trachea D. The bronchioles Answer: B
- In which order does air pass through these structures on its way into the lungs? A. Trachea, bronchiole, bronchus, alveolus B. Trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus C. Bronchus, trachea, alveolus, bronchiole D. Bronchiole, bronchus, trachea, alveolus Answer: B
- Approximately what percentage of exhaled air is carbon dioxide? A. 0.04% B. 4% C. 16% D. 21% Answer: B
- Which feature of the alveoli most increases the rate at which oxygen diffuses into the blood? A. Rings of cartilage that hold them open B. A large surface area with walls one cell thick and many capillaries C. A thick layer of muscle in their walls D. Cilia that sweep mucus away from them Answer: B
- A single-celled organism needs no gas exchange system. Why? A. It does not respire B. It has a relatively large surface area compared with its volume C. It makes its own oxygen D. Its surface membrane is thicker than an alveolus wall Answer: B
Yi aikin wadannan tambayoyi a cikin manhaja
Yi aikin wadannan tambayoyi a cikin manhaja
Littattafan da ake ba da shawarar karantawa
Ƙarin koyo daga tushe na buɗe
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Sashen littafi
Systems of Gas Exchange
Describe the passage of air from the outside environment to the lungs
"Biology: Systems of Gas Exchange" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/39-1-systems-of-gas-exchange. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Wasu ƙungiyoyi ne suka wallafa su ƙarƙashin lasisin buɗe, kuma muna ambaton su yadda suka nema. Hanyoyin suna buɗe shafukansu.
Yi Aikin Tambayoyin Gwaji
Kana son yin aikin tambayoyin gwaji kan Breathing? Sauke manhajar Green Bridge CBT don samun tambayoyin gwaji da cikakkun jarrabawa akan wannan batu.
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