Respiratory System
Akopọ
Walk into an overcrowded broiler house near Ogbomoso at midday and you will hear it before you see it: hundreds of birds standing with beaks open, wings held slightly away from the body, breathing fast and shallow. A healthy animal's breathing is something you barely notice. A struggling one announces itself through its breathing long before anything else goes visibly wrong, which is exactly why WAEC expects you to know this system cold.
In this lesson you will trace air on its journey from the nostrils to the alveolus, the microscopic sac where the real work of breathing happens, and learn exactly how oxygen and carbon dioxide swap places there by simple diffusion. You will learn the full range of jobs the respiratory system performs beyond gas exchange, draw a sharp line between external respiration in the lungs and internal respiration inside body cells, and connect all of it to something every farmer must watch for: a rising breathing rate, a cough, or a poorly ventilated house that turns a healthy flock into a sick one.
Awọn Afojusun
- Define respiration
- Identify the parts of the respiratory system
- Explain the mechanism of gaseous exchange in farm animals
- State the functions of the respiratory system
- Distinguish between external and internal respiration
Àwòrán ọpọlọ
A ti ṣe àwòrán kókó yìí kí o lè rí bí àwọn èrò ṣe so pọ̀.
Káàdì ìrántí
Ìdánrawò kíákíá lórí ohun tí wọ́n ń dán wò nínú kókó yìí.
Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́
Forúkọsílẹ̀ láti Tẹ̀síwájú
Ṣẹda àkọọlẹ ọfẹ kan láti wọlé sí gbogbo àwọn oríṣìíríṣìí ìkànsí ikẹ́kọ̀ọ́, àwọn ìbéèrè ìdánwò, àti láti tọpa ìlọsíwájú rẹ.
Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́
Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Respiratory System. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.
Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.
Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.
- Which part of the respiratory system is the actual site of gaseous exchange? A. Trachea B. Bronchus C. Alveolus D. Nostril Answer: C
- The mechanical process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: A. Respiration B. Breathing C. Diffusion D. Rumination Answer: B
- During external respiration, oxygen moves from the alveolar air into the blood mainly by: A. Osmosis B. Active transport C. Diffusion D. Filtration Answer: C
- Which of the following best describes internal (cellular) respiration? A. Exchange of gases between alveolar air and blood B. Movement of air into and out of the lungs C. Release of energy from food inside body cells using oxygen D. Filtering of dust by the nostrils Answer: C
- A farmer notices his broilers panting heavily and several coughing in an overcrowded, poorly ventilated house. This is most likely a sign of: A. Normal digestion B. A respiratory problem linked to poor ventilation C. Healthy growth D. Excess appetite Answer: B
Forúkọsílẹ̀ láti Tẹ̀síwájú
Ṣẹda àkọọlẹ ọfẹ kan láti wọlé sí gbogbo àwọn oríṣìíríṣìí ìkànsí ikẹ́kọ̀ọ́, àwọn ìbéèrè ìdánwò, àti láti tọpa ìlọsíwájú rẹ.
Forúkọsílẹ̀ láti Tẹ̀síwájú
Ṣẹda àkọọlẹ ọfẹ kan láti wọlé sí gbogbo àwọn oríṣìíríṣìí ìkànsí ikẹ́kọ̀ọ́, àwọn ìbéèrè ìdánwò, àti láti tọpa ìlọsíwájú rẹ.
Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran
Ibeere Atunyewo
Ṣe o n ronu ohun ti awọn ibeere atijọ fun koko-ọrọ yii dabi? Eyi ni nọmba awọn ibeere nipa Respiratory System lati awọn ọdun ti o kọja.
Ibeere 1 Ìròyìn
(a) State four functions of carbohydrates in farm animals.
(b) List four organs associated with respiration in farm animals.
(c) Mention two diseases that affects the respiratory system of farm animals
(d) Define the fol-lowing terms as used in animal physiology: (i) exhalation (ii) inhalation (iii) peristalsis (iv) ovulation (v) rumination.
Awọn alaye Idahun
(a) Four functions of carbohydrates in farm animals
- Provide energy and heat for body activities.
- Excess is stored as fat (reserve energy) and glycogen.
- Spare protein so that it is used for growth rather than energy.
- Provide raw material for the formation of fat and milk.
(b) Four organs associated with respiration
- Nostrils/nose
- Trachea (windpipe)
- Bronchi
- Lungs (also air sacs in birds and the diaphragm)
(c) Two diseases that affect the respiratory system
- Pneumonia
- Chronic respiratory disease (CRD), also infectious bronchitis and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)
(d) Definitions of terms used in animal physiology
- (i) Exhalation: the breathing out or expulsion of air (rich in carbon dioxide) from the lungs to the atmosphere.
- (ii) Inhalation: the breathing in or taking in of air (rich in oxygen) from the atmosphere into the lungs.
- (iii) Peristalsis: the wave-like rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the muscles of the alimentary canal that moves food along the gut.
- (iv) Ovulation: the release of a mature ovum (egg) from the ovary.
- (v) Rumination: the regurgitation, re-chewing and re-swallowing of cud by a ruminant animal.