JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2022

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Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from abominable acts, meaning actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings. This includes things like lying, cheating, stealing, adultery, drinking alcohol, and other similar behaviors. Islam emphasizes the importance of commanding what is good and forbidding what is evil. This means that Muslims are encouraged to promote good deeds and discourage bad deeds in themselves and others. Forbidden Munkar specifically refers to the duty of Muslims to speak out against and actively discourage sinful behaviors. In summary, Forbidden Munkar in Islam means discouraging others from engaging in actions that are considered morally wrong and sinful according to Islamic teachings.

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Suratul-Kafirun is a chapter (surah) in the Islamic holy book, the Quran. It is the 109th chapter and it is a relatively short surah consisting of only 6 verses. Each verse is made up of a number of sentences, and the surah as a whole is written in Arabic. The content of Suratul-Kafirun is a declaration of monotheism, a rejection of polytheism, and a statement of the clear divide between believers and non-believers.

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The quotation is from Surat al-Tin. The full quotation is "Surely, we created man of the best stature, then, we reduced him to the lowest of low save those who believe and good works." This verse appears in Surat al-Tin, which is the 95th chapter of the Quran. Surat al-Tin is a short chapter that contains only 8 verses, and it discusses the nature of human beings and the importance of good deeds. The verse is a reminder of the potential of human beings to achieve greatness and excellence, but also of their vulnerability to temptation and sin. It emphasizes that faith and good deeds are the means by which people can rise above their lower nature and fulfill their purpose in life.

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Hadith is a collection of sayings, actions, and tacit approvals attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). These hadiths are classified based on their authenticity, accuracy, and reliability. The different classifications of hadith helps to distinguish between reliable and unreliable sources of information and to ensure that they follow the authentic teachings of the Prophet (SAW).

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that all of the options listed - hasan, mawdu, sahih, and da'if - are classifications of hadith.

- "Hasan" refers to a hadith that is deemed to be good and acceptable.

- "mawdu" refers to a hadith that is fabricated or forged.

- "Sahih" refers to a hadith that is authentic and reliable, while

- "da'if" refers to a hadith that is weak or unreliable.

Each of these classifications has its own set of criteria, and scholars of hadith use these criteria to evaluate and classify different hadiths.

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Khadijah married Muhammad (peace be upon him) at the age of 40. Khadijah was a wealthy businesswoman who was impressed by Muhammad's honesty and integrity, and she proposed marriage to him. At the time of their marriage, Muhammad was 25 years old and working as a trader in Khadijah's business. They were married for 25 years until Khadijah's death, and she was the first person to accept Islam and support the Prophet Muhammad in his mission. Their marriage was a strong and loving partnership that set a positive example for all future Muslim marriages.

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Fortune telling is considered un-Islamic at all times and in all matters. This is because it goes against the belief in destiny and the trust in Allah's plan for each individual. In Islam, it is believed that only Allah has knowledge of the future and that no human being can predict what will happen. Seeking knowledge of the future is seen as a form of disbelief in Allah's plan and a lack of trust in His wisdom. It is also considered a form of divination, which is strictly prohibited in Islam.

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Quran 24 vs 31
And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their sisters' sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.

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The unity of Allah is expressed in Suratul-Ikhlas. This surah is the 112th chapter of the Quran and it emphasizes the oneness of Allah. It is also known as "Al-Tawheed" which means "the declaration of the oneness of God." The Surah begins with the statement "Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him." This surah explains that Allah is the only true God, and there is no other deity worthy of worship. It also emphasizes that Allah is eternal and absolute, and that He has no children or parents. In Islam, the concept of the oneness of Allah is known as "Tawheed," and it is the foundation of Islamic faith. Thus, the Suratul-Ikhlas is a very important chapter in the Quran for Muslims as it emphasizes the core principle of Tawheed, which is the belief in the unity and oneness of Allah. It is recited in various Islamic rituals such as the daily prayers and during special occasions such as funerals.

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In Islamic belief, the blow of the trumpet at the time of resurrection is the duty of the angel Israfil. Israfil is one of the four archangels in Islamic tradition and is responsible for blowing the trumpet, also known as the Sur, at the time of resurrection. According to Islamic belief, when the trumpet is blown for the first time, all living beings on earth will die. When it is blown for the second time, all beings will be resurrected to stand before Allah for judgment. The Quran describes the event of the trumpet being blown in Surah Ya-Sin, "And the Horn will be blown; and at once from the graves to their Lord they will hasten" (Quran 36:51). Therefore, it is believed that the angel Israfil is responsible for blowing the trumpet at the time of resurrection, as it is his designated duty in Islamic theology.

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The initial idea to preserve the Glorious Qur'an was mooted by Abu Bakr As-Saddiq, who was the first Caliph (leader) of the Muslim community after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. After the Prophet's death, many Muslims who had memorized the Qur'an died in the wars of apostasy. To prevent the loss of the Qur'an, Abu Bakr ordered the collection of all the verses that had been revealed to the Prophet and had been written down by his companions. This was done by Zaid b. Thabit, who was a close companion of the Prophet and one of the foremost Quranic scholars of his time. The collected verses were then compiled into a single book, known as the Mushaf, which became the standard text of the Qur'an.

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A hadith is a narration of the sayings or actions of the Prophet Muhammad or his companions. To assess the authenticity of a hadith, scholars use a methodology called hadith criticism, which involves examining the chain of narrators and the content of the hadith to determine its reliability. One reason a hadith may be considered unreliable is if it contradicts a Quranic injunction. The Quran is considered the primary source of Islamic teachings and beliefs, and any hadith that contradicts it is likely to be considered inauthentic. Another reason a hadith may be considered unreliable is if its narrator was not considered trustworthy or reliable. Hadith scholars have a detailed system for evaluating the reliability of narrators, based on their character, memory, and other factors. In addition, a hadith may be considered unreliable if its wording is too close to the text of the Quran or if it is no longer than a verse of the Quran. This is because the Quran is considered the ultimate authority in Islam, and any hadith that appears to mimic its language or content may be viewed with suspicion. In summary, to determine the authenticity of a hadith, scholars examine the chain of narrators and the content of the narration. If a hadith contradicts the Quran, is narrated by an untrustworthy narrator, or appears to mimic the language or content of the Quran, it may be considered unreliable.

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Reference to a special night is made in Surat al-Qadr. Surat al-Qadr is the 97th chapter of the Qur'an and is named after the Arabic word for "power" or "decree." This chapter references a special night known as the Night of Power, which is considered to be one of the most holy and blessed nights in Islam. The Night of Power is believed to have taken place during the last ten days of the month of Ramadan, and it is believed that on this night the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. The Surat al-Qadr emphasizes the importance of this night and encourages Muslims to seek its blessings and to spend it in prayer and devotion.

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One of the contributions of Islam to women's welfare is the introduction of inheritance. In Islam, women have the right to inherit property and assets from their families, which was a significant advancement in women's rights at the time. This means that women could own and control property, which gave them financial independence and security. The Qur'an specifies the portions of an estate that each heir is entitled to receive, including the wife, daughter, and mother. This contribution of Islam to women's welfare helped to empower women and improve their status in society.

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The Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress is Surah ad-Duha. Surah ad-Duha is the 93rd chapter of the Qur'an and was revealed in the early days of the Prophet's mission in Makkah when he was feeling distressed and anxious. The Prophet had not received any revelations from Allah for a long time, and the disbelievers were mocking him and calling him a liar. In this Surah, Allah reassures the Prophet (SAW) that He has not forgotten him and that his efforts will not go to waste. Allah tells the Prophet that He has blessed him with many favors and will continue to do so. The Surah is a beautiful reminder to the Prophet that he is not alone and that Allah is always with him. Therefore, among the given options, Surah ad-Duha is the Makkan Surah with the main objective of reassuring the Prophet (SAW) at a time of distress.

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When the Angel Jibril first came to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and asked him to recite, he replied with the words, "I cannot read" or "I am not a reader." This happened when the Prophet (SAW) was meditating in the cave of Hira before he received the first revelation from Allah. The Angel Jibril asked the Prophet (SAW) to recite the words of Allah, and he responded by saying that he was unable to read or recite. This answer showed the Prophet's (SAW) humility and his acknowledgement of his lack of knowledge and education. It also emphasized the divine nature of the message that he would later receive, which would be a miracle in itself. After this initial encounter, the Angel Jibril continued to come to the Prophet (SAW) with messages from Allah, which were later recorded in the form of the Qur'an. This event marked the beginning of the revelation of the Qur'an and the establishment of Islam as a religion.

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"Miracles" is not among the articles of faith in most major religions. An article of faith refers to a fundamental belief or doctrine that is considered essential to a religion. In Islam, for example, the six articles of faith are belief in one God, belief in angels, belief in the prophets, belief in the holy books, belief in the day of judgment, and belief in predestination.

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Associating partners with Allah is unpardonable.

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Talaq al ba'in means irrevocable divorce. Talaq is the Arabic word for divorce, and al ba'in refers to the type of divorce that is considered to be final and cannot be undone. This type of divorce is usually only used in extreme circumstances and is considered to be the most serious form of divorce in Islamic law. Once a couple has undergone talaq al ba'in, they are no longer considered to be married and cannot reconcile without undergoing a new marriage ceremony.

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Hudhayfah b. Yamani is associated with the standardization of the Qur'an.

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The statement above was made by Waraqah b. Nawfal. Waraqah b. Nawfal was a cousin of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and a scholar of the Christian scriptures. According to Islamic tradition, when Prophet Muhammad first received the revelation, he was deeply distressed and went to his wife, Khadija. She then took him to Waraqah, who recognized the signs of prophethood and confirmed to Muhammad that he was indeed a Prophet of Allah. The statement is Waraqah's response to Prophet Muhammad's description of the events that took place during his first revelation. Waraqah acknowledges the truth of Muhammad's prophethood and swears to support him in the face of the persecution that he knows is sure to come. Waraqah's words demonstrate his faith and dedication to the cause of Allah and his support for Prophet Muhammad in spreading the message of Islam.

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The first revelation to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was Qur'an chapter 96:1-5, which is known as Surah Al-Alaq. According to Islamic tradition, the Angel Gabriel appeared to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) while he was meditating in a cave on Mount Hira. The Angel Gabriel then commanded the Prophet to read, and the first five verses of Surah Al-Alaq were revealed to him. These verses contain the first divine message that was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and they speak about the importance of seeking knowledge and the consequences of rejecting it. The verses read: "Read! In the Name of your Lord, Who has created (all that exists), Has created man from a clot (a piece of thick coagulated blood). Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous, Who has taught (the writing) by the pen [the first person to write was Prophet Idrees (Enoch)]. Has taught man that which he knew not." (Quran 96:1-5) This event is known as the first revelation and marks the beginning of the prophethood of Muhammad (SAW).

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Seeking assistance from fortune tellers or any other forms of divination is forbidden in Islam because it goes against the fundamental belief in the absolute power and knowledge of Allah. By seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers, one is ascribing power to someone other than Allah, and this is considered a form of shirk, or polytheism, in Islam. Islam teaches that only Allah has absolute knowledge of the unseen, including knowledge of the future, and seeking such knowledge from any other source is considered an act of disobedience and disbelief. Furthermore, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers can create false hopes and expectations, which may lead to disappointment, confusion, and even despair. In addition to being forbidden, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers or any other forms of divination is considered a major sin in Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "Whoever goes to a fortune-teller and asks him about anything, his prayer will not be accepted for forty days" (Muslim). This indicates that seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers can also have negative spiritual consequences. Overall, seeking knowledge of the future from fortune tellers is forbidden in Islam because it goes against the fundamental belief in the absolute power and knowledge of Allah, and it can lead to spiritual and emotional harm.

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The Miraj is associated with Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). The Miraj, also known as the Night Journey, was a spiritual journey that Prophet Muhammad took in one night from Mecca to Jerusalem and then to heaven. It is a significant event in Islamic history and is mentioned in the holy book of Islam, the Quran, and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). The Miraj is considered a miracle of Prophet Muhammad and is celebrated annually by Muslims during the holy month of Ramadan.

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The Hadith collections of Muslim and Bukhari do not share similarities in covering the whole range of Fiqh.

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Abu Sufyan accepted Islam because he was totally disarmed by Muslim soldiers

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Excellent or sound traditions are grouped under Sahih.

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Out of 300,000 traditions collected by Imam Muslim, he selected 9,200.

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Mubah is an Arabic word that refers to actions that are considered to be permissible or allowed in Islam. These are actions that are not explicitly forbidden in the Qur'an or Hadith, and as such, they are not considered to be sinful or wrong. The acquisition of knowledge is considered to be a mubah action because it is encouraged and highly valued in Islam. By gaining knowledge, a person can improve their understanding of their faith and become a better person. On the other hand, actions such as smoking and shaking hands while greeting are not specifically defined as mubah or haram (forbidden) in Islamic teachings, but they may be discouraged or restricted based on the interpretation of different scholars.

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The Dower (Sadaq) is a sum of money or other property which becomes. payable by the husband to the wife as an effect of marriage. The Quran ordains: "And give the women ( on marriage) their dower as a free gift." ( 4:4) In another. Hence it is the property of the wife.

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Umar is credited with having ordered the first collection of Hadith, in an official manner, fearing that some of it might be lost. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were among those who compiled Hadith at Umar's behest.

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The Nisab is important because it is the basis of "zakat", which is one of the five pillars of Islam. Zakat is an obligatory charity that every eligible Muslim must pay to help those in need. The Nisab is the minimum threshold of wealth that a Muslim must possess before being required to pay Zakat. In other words, if a person's wealth exceeds the Nisab, they are obligated to pay Zakat. The Nisab amount is determined by the value of gold or silver and is updated regularly. This threshold ensures that Zakat is paid only by those who can afford it, and it helps to distribute wealth more fairly within the Muslim community.

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Upon washing hands and elbow, the next is to wash the feet.

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Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her) were blessed with six children, two sons and four daughters.

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The expressions "Iqra", "allama", and "al-qalam" in Surat al-Alaq emphasize the importance of knowledge. Surat al-Alaq is the first chapter revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and it commands him to "Read!" or "Recite!" (Iqra), as a way of emphasizing the importance of seeking knowledge. In the following verses, Allah emphasizes that he is the One who taught by the pen and who taught mankind that which he did not know (Al-Qalam and Allama), indicating that the pursuit of knowledge is a virtuous and essential aspect of human life. These verses also demonstrate that the acquisition of knowledge is not limited to formal education or religious studies, but encompasses all aspects of life. Thus, it is crucial for Muslims to seek knowledge in all areas of life and to continuously learn and grow as individuals. In summary, the expressions "Iqra", "allama", and "al-qalam" in Surat al-Alaq emphasize the importance of seeking knowledge and continuous learning in Islam.

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Imam Malik ibn Anas was born in the city of Madinah in what is now Saudi Arabia. He was born in the year 711 CE and lived in Madinah for most of his life. Imam Malik is known as one of the most important scholars of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). He is the eponym of the Maliki school of Islamic law, which is one of the four major schools of thought in Sunni Islam. Imam Malik's birthplace of Madinah was a significant city in early Islamic history, as it was the site of the first Muslim community established by the Prophet Muhammad after his migration from Makkah. Madinah is also the location of the Prophet's Mosque, which is one of the most important sites in Islam and is visited by millions of Muslims from around the world each year.

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"Maliki yawmid-Din" is translated as "the King of the Day of Judgement" in English. This phrase is part of the opening chapter of the Islamic holy book, the Quran, and is recited during daily prayers by Muslims all over the world. It is a declaration of faith in Allah as the King and ultimate Judge on the Day of Judgement, when all humans will be held accountable for their deeds in this life. The phrase acknowledges that Allah is the ultimate authority and ruler over all things, and that on the Day of Judgement, only He can grant forgiveness and mercy to those who have faith and have done good deeds.

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The arrangement of the Glorious Qur'an was divinely inspired.

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The second hadith in an-Nawawi's collection teaches that it is righteousness to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically. This means that one should strive to be in a constant state of mindfulness of Allah's presence and try to visualize Him in their mind's eye while worshipping. The hadith emphasizes the importance of sincerity and devotion in one's worship. When a person performs acts of worship while visualizing the presence of Allah, it creates a deeper sense of connection and humility, and encourages them to perform their acts of worship to the best of their ability. By striving to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically, a person also develops a sense of accountability and responsibility for their actions. It helps them to stay conscious of their deeds and intentions, and reminds them that Allah is always watching and aware of everything they do. Overall, the second hadith in an-Nawawi's collection teaches the importance of mindfulness and sincerity in worship, and highlights the benefits of striving to worship Allah as if one is seeing Him physically.

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Absolute obedience to the Prophet's teachings is stated in An-Nawawi Hadith 41.