JAMB UTME - Government - 2019

The Hausa/Fulani Empire as a result of its heterogeneous population adopted

Bayanin Amsa

The hausa/fulani empire for geo-political reasons apportioned different portfolios of authorities for serve the multiplicity of functions and administrative interests. The offices of Sarkin fada, as head of palace workers, Waziri as prime minister among others are pointers in this regard.

The right of a citizen to seek redress means the right to

Bayanin Amsa

Seek an appeal under another judgement is the best answer because the right to seek redress as a fundamental element of rule of law must mean that aggrieved parties should be afforded the opportunity to have their cases re-examined especially by a court of higher authority.

The Chick's commission was set up to look into the issue of revenue allocation in___________

Bayanin Amsa

As part of the Commissions set up for the review of the Nigerian federalism challenges, the Chick's commission was set up in 1953.

The last measure used by the pressure groups issuing a condition to be satisfied within a stipulated time is called

Bayanin Amsa

The last measure used by pressure groups that involves setting a condition to be met within a specific timeframe is called an "ultimatum". An ultimatum is a final demand or condition that is presented as the last option by a pressure group to achieve their desired outcome. It is often used when other methods like lobbying or dialogue have failed to yield the desired result. The ultimatum usually comes with a threat of action or consequence if the condition is not met within the specified timeframe. For example, a pressure group advocating for better wages for workers may issue an ultimatum to the management of a company, demanding a pay raise for workers within a certain timeframe. If the company fails to meet the condition, the pressure group may resort to more aggressive tactics like strikes or protests.

Bayanin Amsa

While declaration of war is the duty of the executive, the legislature approves or disapproves of it as embarking on war means and requires additional expenditure and budget scrutiny.

The concept of delegated legislation is often criticised for all but one of the following reasons?

Bayanin Amsa

Delegated Legislation is supported largely because certain specialist idea is needed for the purpose of rule making on areas upon which the legislature may not have sufficient knowledge and skill in. Example, the INEC is empowered to make election guidelines and regulations aside the Electoral Act and in furtherance of its duties.

Bayanin Amsa

The solidarity for self-governance system and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and Non-Africans in diaspora is termed Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a political and social movement that originated in the late 19th century and early 20th century among Africans and people of African descent, both on the African continent and in the diaspora. The movement sought to promote solidarity among Africans and people of African descent, as well as to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers. Pan-Africanism emerged in response to the colonization of Africa and the oppression of people of African descent around the world. The movement was driven by the belief that people of African descent shared a common history, culture, and destiny, and that they should work together to achieve their liberation and equality. Pan-Africanism has taken many forms over the years, from cultural and artistic expressions to political and economic cooperation. Its goals have included the establishment of independent African states, the promotion of African unity, the advancement of economic and social development in Africa, and the elimination of racism and discrimination against people of African descent worldwide. In summary, Pan-Africanism is the term used to describe the solidarity for self-governance and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and people of African descent in the diaspora. The movement seeks to promote unity and cooperation among people of African descent and to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers.

____ is noted for having said "man by nature is a political animal"

Bayanin Amsa

Aristotle is noted for having said "man by nature is a political animal". This means that according to Aristotle, human beings have a natural inclination towards living in communities and participating in political activities. He believed that humans are social animals and require the presence of others in order to fulfill their needs and desires, and that living in a political society is necessary for human beings to reach their full potential.

Deconcentration of power means the

Bayanin Amsa

Like the series of political office arrangements and portfolios in the Hausa/Fulani Empire i.e the Galadima, Waziri and the rest, deconcentration of power is obtainable unlike in devolution which Options B and D implicitly cover. Option A refers to Decentralization of powers.

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the________

Bayanin Amsa

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the Lower House and the House of Representatives. The Lower House, also known as the House of Commons, was made up of elected members who represented their constituencies. They were responsible for introducing and passing bills related to the governance of the country. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, was made up of appointed members who represented various interest groups and were tasked with advising the government on policy matters. Together, the Lower House and the House of Representatives formed the National Assembly, which was the legislative arm of the government in the second republic.

The ____ Reform is influential to the inception of Local Government in Nigeria

Bayanin Amsa

The Murtala/Obasanjo 1976 Reform necessitated the discovery of the essence of a local government council and establishment.

The basis of the Nigerian foreign policy thrust particularly during the Independence Constitution era was ... in nature

Bayanin Amsa

The basis of the Nigerian foreign policy thrust particularly during the Independence Constitution era was afrocentric in nature. This means that Nigeria prioritized and valued the interests and needs of African nations and people over those of European nations or other foreign powers. The country sought to promote unity and cooperation among African nations, support African liberation movements, and advocate for African self-determination and independence. This policy was based on the belief that African nations should work together to achieve economic, political, and social progress, and that Nigeria had a responsibility to help lead this effort as a newly independent African country.

The concept of the independence of the judiciary means that

Bayanin Amsa

trictly speaking, independence of the judiciary isn't restricted to the idea of non-interference by the legislature or executive or either of agencies on judicial decision making but particularly ensuring that all the gateways to the activities that may put the judiciary in a vulnerable state to the other arms of government must be shut down.

The current Secretary-General of the United Nations is_________

Bayanin Amsa

The current Secretary-General of the United Nations is Antonio Guterres. He took office on January 1, 2017, and his term is set to last until December 31, 2021. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the United Nations organization, which is made up of 193 member states. The Secretary-General is responsible for promoting peace, advocating for human rights, and working to address global problems like poverty, climate change, and disease. The Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly, with the recommendation of the Security Council, for a five-year term and can be re-appointed for a second five-year term. Antonio Guterres, a former Prime Minister of Portugal, has a long history of working on global issues, including serving as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

In a democratic system _______

Bayanin Amsa

In a democratic system, the people have the power to choose their leaders and the policies that govern them. This is typically done through free and fair elections, where each person gets one vote, and the candidate or policy with the most votes wins. This is known as majority vote. However, in a true democracy, it's also important to protect the rights of minorities and ensure that legal sovereignty is not unquestionable. This means that even if the majority of people support a certain policy or candidate, it cannot violate the fundamental rights of individuals or groups. The use of an electoral college is not always necessary in a democratic system, as it depends on the specific rules and processes of each country. Some countries use direct elections, where the person with the most votes wins, while others use a system of delegates or representatives to select their leaders. Finally, while the majority vote is the most common way of making decisions in a democratic system, it's also important to ensure that the rights and interests of minorities are not ignored. This can be achieved through various means, such as protecting individual rights, promoting dialogue and compromise, and creating systems of checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power.

Opinion sampling maybe necessary for the following reasons except________

Bayanin Amsa

Opinion sampling may be necessary for various reasons such as aggregating popular thinking on a subject matter, preparing public expenditure, and evaluating political strength. However, it is not necessary to inspire public reasoning on population census. Opinion sampling is a method used to collect opinions from a sample of people to estimate the opinions of a larger population. It is used in various fields, including market research, politics, and social science research. Aggregating popular thinking on a subject matter is important for making informed decisions that align with the majority's views. Opinion sampling helps to collect and analyze data to reveal trends and patterns in people's thoughts and beliefs. Preparing public expenditure is another area where opinion sampling is necessary. Governments and organizations need to know what the public thinks about specific policies, budgets, and projects. This feedback helps them make decisions that reflect the needs and wants of the people they serve. Similarly, political parties often use opinion sampling to evaluate their political strength. This helps them understand the public's perception of their policies and how they can improve their chances of winning elections. However, inspiring public reasoning on population census does not require opinion sampling. Instead, this involves educating people on the importance of participating in a census and providing accurate information about their demographics.

The West African Students' Union (WASU) was formed in____________

Bayanin Amsa

The West African Students' Union (WASU) was formed in 1925. This was an organization created by students from different countries in West Africa who were studying in Britain. The main goal of the union was to advocate for the rights of West Africans and to promote their interests. It also aimed to foster unity among West African students studying in Britain and to create a sense of identity and belonging. The union was one of the first pan-African organizations to emerge and played an important role in the struggle for independence and self-determination in West Africa.

One of the following political parties produced Nigeria's first Prime Minister_______

Bayanin Amsa

The National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) produced Nigeria's first Prime Minister, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. NCNC was one of the main political parties in Nigeria during the country's independence movement in the mid-20th century. Balewa, who was a member of the NCNC, became Nigeria's first Prime Minister when the country gained independence from Britain in 1960.

The dwindling and market falls in oil prices are prime indicators for Nigeria politico-economic consideration for________

Bayanin Amsa

The dwindling and market falls in oil prices are prime indicators for Nigeria's politico-economic consideration for diversification. This means that Nigeria is looking to move away from relying solely on oil as its main source of income and looking to develop other industries and sectors that can contribute to the country's economy. This is important because relying solely on oil can be risky, as the price of oil is often affected by global market forces and can fall suddenly, leading to economic instability. By diversifying its economy, Nigeria can reduce its dependence on oil and become more resilient to economic shocks.

A party can be said to have national outlook if

Bayanin Amsa

Unlike the ethnic based philosophy, nature or outlook of the Action Group, Northern Peoples Congress in the First Republic, a multi-ethnic and all embracing political party is that with a Nation wide outlook

Popular political participation means

Bayanin Amsa

The sum total of all activities exerted by the majority with enthusiasm actively involving in all aspects of their political sphere is the best answer not only because is the all encompassing answer but also because popular political participation is the aggegration of all efforts of the citizens partaking delibrately and consciously in their governance affairs.

In the 4th republic, the political parties were

Bayanin Amsa

The correct option is: PDP, APGA, AD. PDP refers to the People's Democratic Party, which is a political party in Nigeria. APGA stands for All Progressives Grand Alliance, which is a political party in Nigeria. AD stands for Alliance for Democracy, which is a political party in Nigeria. These parties were active during the 4th republic in Nigeria, which was from 1999 to 2007.

Under the 1999 constitution, the Chief Law Officer and the Supreme Court Judge respectively are the

Bayanin Amsa

Under the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria, the Chief Law Officer is the Attorney-General and the Supreme Court Judge is the Chief Justice. The Attorney-General is responsible for giving legal advice to the government and representing the government in legal matters. The Chief Justice, on the other hand, is the head of the Supreme Court and presides over the court. The Chief Justice is responsible for ensuring that the judiciary operates effectively and efficiently and for interpreting the constitution.

In most recent times, a seemingly workable solution to the Nigerian federal question is that of

Bayanin Amsa

In recent times, one of the proposed solutions to address the challenges related to the federal structure of Nigeria is "restructuring". Restructuring essentially means a fundamental change in the way power and resources are distributed between the central government and the constituent units (such as states) in the country. Advocates of restructuring argue that it would help address some of the major issues facing Nigeria such as the over-concentration of power and resources in the central government, the marginalization of some regions, and the inability of the federal government to effectively address the diverse needs of the country's different regions. The specific proposals for restructuring may vary, but they generally involve reducing the powers of the federal government and devolving more powers and resources to the states, including control over natural resources, revenue generation, and the establishment of state police forces. However, there are also opposing views that restructuring could lead to the fragmentation of the country and potentially fuel secessionist movements. Ultimately, the debate around restructuring is ongoing and will require extensive dialogue and engagement among various stakeholders in Nigeria.

Acceleration of the independence movements in the British West African Colonies was essentially because of the________

Bayanin Amsa

The tolerance posture for the development of political parties and interest groups in the British West African Colonies spurred the pace of the drive for their autonomy.

An order compelling a lower court or public corporation to perform in accordance with legitimacy is called

Bayanin Amsa

The correct answer is the writ of mandamus. A writ of mandamus is a court order that requires a lower court or public corporation to perform its duties as required by law. The writ is used as a legal remedy when a government official or entity refuses to perform a duty that is required by law. This writ is often referred to as the "great writ" because of its power to force public officials to take action. In simple terms, a writ of mandamus is a way for a person to ask a higher court to make a lower court or public corporation do something that it is supposed to do, but is not doing. This helps to ensure that government officials and entities follow the law and perform their duties properly.

Under the 1979 constitution of Nigeria, each State was allowed to elect________

Bayanin Amsa

Unlike the position under the present 1999 Constitution as amended, each state was permitted to elect 5 senators into the House of Representatives.

The term ultra vires means_________

Bayanin Amsa

A public authority is said to have ultra vires when it has acted beyond the boundaries of its duties as provided for in its enabling law or as prescribed by the Executive.

The most representative organ of the united nations is the

Bayanin Amsa

The General Assembly is the most representative organ of the United Nations. This is because all 193 member states of the United Nations have equal representation in the General Assembly, meaning each country has one vote. The General Assembly meets once a year and is responsible for discussing and making recommendations on a wide range of issues, including peace and security, development, and human rights. The General Assembly is also responsible for electing members to other UN bodies, such as the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council. In this way, the General Assembly represents the collective voice of all member states in the United Nations.

In the all-Nigerian constitutional conference of 1950

Bayanin Amsa

Recognizing and acknowledging the relative importance of direct participation and contribution by people in their own affairs, the All-Nigerian Constitutional Conference marked an unprecendented attendance of all previously relegated unofficial members of the local legislature.

The Brussel conference in 1889/90 was based on

Bayanin Amsa

The Brussel Conference unlike the Berlin Conference was targeted at the reconsideration of the unjust virtues and vices occasioned by colonialism, thereby specifically seeking to eradicate slave trade and related activities.

The head of the districts in the Hausa/Fulani Empire were the_________

Bayanin Amsa

The Hakimi was the titled administrative officers in charge of the districts in the heterogeneous Hausa/Fulani Empire.

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the ____ regime

Bayanin Amsa

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the military regime of Ibrahim Babangida in Nigeria. The AFRC was the highest decision-making body during Babangida's rule from 1985 to 1993, and it was made up of military officers who ruled the country by decree. The council was established after Babangida overthrew the previous military regime of Muhammadu Buhari, and it continued to wield significant power until Babangida's eventual resignation in 1993. Therefore, "Ibrahim Babangida's regime," is the correct answer.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has its headquarters in__________

Bayanin Amsa

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has its headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. The Hague is a city in the western part of the Netherlands that is known for hosting many international courts and tribunals, including the ICC. The ICC is an international court that was established to investigate and prosecute individuals for the most serious crimes, such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. By having its headquarters in The Hague, the ICC is able to carry out its important work in an international and neutral setting.

Nigeria's top contribution to Africa's agenda of decolonisation and anti-racism was mostly enhanced with the formation of the_________

Bayanin Amsa

The correct answer is the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which was formed in 1963. The OAU was established with the goal of promoting unity and cooperation among African countries, particularly in the face of colonialism and racism. The organization aimed to promote decolonization and anti-racism initiatives on the continent, and to work towards the liberation of African countries still under colonial rule. It played a significant role in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, and helped to bring an end to colonialism in many other African countries. The OAU also served as a platform for African leaders to discuss and address issues facing the continent, such as conflict, economic development, and political stability.

The political party serves as

Bayanin Amsa

The functional essence of political parties is to ensure that eventually the interests, entitlements and aspirations of the are realised through the emergence of a responsible government.

The legitimate claims and entitlements available by reasons of birth and residence and/or certification, to a community of people may be abscribed as their___________

Bayanin Amsa

The legitimate claims and entitlements available to a community of people by reasons of birth, residence, and/or certification are known as their citizenship rights. Citizenship rights refer to the legal, political, and social rights that a person enjoys by being a member of a particular country or state. These rights can include the right to vote, to work, to access healthcare, education, and social services, to own property, to express oneself freely, and to be protected by the law. Citizenship rights are typically based on the principle of jus soli (right of the soil) or jus sanguinis (right of blood), which determine the conditions for acquiring citizenship by birth or descent. In some cases, citizenship can also be acquired through naturalization or marriage. Citizenship rights are an essential component of democratic societies, as they provide a framework for the participation, representation, and protection of all members of a community, regardless of their social status, race, ethnicity, religion, or gender. They reflect the idea that every person has inherent dignity and worth and should be treated with equal respect and consideration under the law. In summary, citizenship rights are a set of legal, political, and social entitlements that are attached to the status of being a citizen and aim to promote the welfare, dignity, and freedom of individuals and the common good of society as a whole.

The process by which electorates remove elected official is called_________

Bayanin Amsa

The power of impeachment belongs to the legislature to check the Executive act of gross misconduct while Re-call is exercisable within the reach of the electorates.

An important provision of the 1946 constitution was that it

Bayanin Amsa

The Authur Richard Constitution of 1946 set the foundational road map for a full fledged federalism for Nigeria starting essentially with the Lyttleton's 1954 Constitution, and built upon thereafter.

One of the following reasons is unlikely to necessitate the emergence of a federal system?

Bayanin Amsa

Political sovereignty is unlikely to necessitate the emergence of a federal system. A federal system is a form of government that divides power and authority between a central government and regional governments. This type of system is typically adopted when there is a need to accommodate regional differences and diverse interests within a country, while still maintaining a sense of national unity. Social factors, such as differences in language, religion, and ethnicity, can make it difficult to govern a diverse population without a federal system. Geographical factors, such as a large land area or natural barriers, can create regional differences that require different policies and regulations. Cultural diversity, such as different traditions, values, and customs, can lead to conflicts that can be better managed under a federal system. However, political sovereignty, or the ability of a government to exercise authority within its own borders without external interference, is not necessarily a factor that requires a federal system. A country with a strong central government and a relatively homogenous population may not need a federal system to maintain stability and unity. In fact, some countries with high levels of political sovereignty, such as China, have a centralized form of government rather than a federal one.