JAMB UTME - Geography - 2023

A tremendous pressure or temperature change may lead to the formation of

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Gnesis is a metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks which have been changed as a result of great heat and pressure

An example of a coastline of emergence is

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A coastline of emergence refers to a type of coastline where the land is rising relative to the sea level. This rise in land can be caused by geological processes such as tectonic movements or isostatic rebound. One example of a coastline of emergence is a **raised beach**. A raised beach is a coastal landform that was once at sea level but has been lifted up above the current sea level. This lifting can occur due to processes like tectonic activity or changes in the Earth's crust. When the land rises, the shoreline shifts upwards, leaving behind a flat or gently sloping platform. This platform, known as a raised beach, is typically located above the reach of waves and tides. It can vary in width and elevation, extending for several kilometers inland. A raised beach often has distinctive features such as wave-cut notches, terraces, and marine deposits like shells or sediments. These features serve as evidence of its former connection to the sea. It is important to note that a raised beach is just one type of coastline of emergence. Other examples include dalmation coasts, ria coasts, and estuarine coasts. However, among the given options, a raised beach best represents a coastline of emergence.

The broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is called

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The broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is called selvas. Selvas is a term used to describe the lush, vibrant rainforest found in the Amazon.
These forests are characterized by their tall trees with large, broad leaves that can capture as much sunlight as possible. The leaves of these trees stay green all year round, giving the forest a constant appearance of being "evergreen."
The Amazon rainforest is also known for its incredible biodiversity, with a wide variety of plant and animal species living in this habitat. This is due to the constant warm and humid climate, as well as the diverse range of ecosystems within the region.
The dense and thick vegetation in the selvas plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of our planet. It serves as a carbon sink, absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis. Additionally, the Amazon rainforest is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" because of its significant contribution to global oxygen production.
In conclusion, the broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is known as selvas. It is a unique and important ecosystem with immense biodiversity and crucial ecological functions.

Soil erosion by action of rain can be caused y all the following except

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Aridity is a long term lack of rainfall or moisture. Soil erosion cannot take place in an srid area.

Which of the following is a feature of heavy industries?

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A feature of heavy industries is that they are capital-intensive. This means that they require a significant amount of investment in machinery, equipment, and infrastructure to operate efficiently. Unlike light industries, which typically involve smaller-scale operations, heavy industries involve large factories or plants that are designed to produce goods on a larger scale. The term "heavy" in heavy industries refers to the nature of the products being manufactured, such as machinery, steel, chemicals, and automobiles. These products often require heavy machinery and specialized equipment to produce. Due to their large-scale operations and the need for substantial capital investment, heavy industries usually have a longer payback period for their investments. Some examples of heavy industries include manufacturing plants for automobiles, oil refineries, steel mills, and chemical production facilities. These industries usually have a higher production capacity and require a significant amount of resources and manpower to operate. In summary, heavy industries are characterized by their capital-intensive nature, large-scale operations, and production of goods that require heavy machinery. These industries play a crucial role in the economy by producing essential products and contributing to employment opportunities.

The type of agriculture in which water is conserved in a year so that crops can be grown in succeeding years by ploughing, mulching or harrowing is known as

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The type of agriculture described here is called dry farming.
Dry farming is a method of agriculture that focuses on conserving water in areas where water supply is limited. It is commonly used in regions with arid or semi-arid climates where rainfall is scarce and unreliable.
In dry farming, the goal is to maximize the use of available moisture in the soil and minimize water loss through evaporation. This is achieved through various practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing.
Ploughing helps to break up the soil surface and create furrows or ridges, which helps to trap and retain moisture in the soil. This prevents excessive evaporation and allows the soil to hold water for a longer period of time.
Mulching involves covering the soil with a layer of organic materials such as straw, leaves, or crop residues. This helps to reduce evaporation by shading the soil surface and slows down moisture loss. Mulch also helps to improve soil structure, retain water, and suppress weed growth.
Harrowing is the process of loosening the top layer of soil after ploughing or planting. It helps to create a fine, crumbly soil structure that reduces water runoff and allows rain or irrigation water to penetrate deeper into the soil.
By practicing these techniques, dry farmers are able to conserve water and create favorable conditions for crop growth even in areas with limited rainfall. This allows them to sustain crop production in successive years without relying heavily on external sources of water.
In summary, dry farming is a method of agriculture that conserves water in arid or semi-arid regions by employing practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing. These techniques help to retain moisture in the soil, reduce water loss, and enable crop production in successive years.

The sun is vertically overhead at the tropic of Caprison in

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The sun is vertically overhead at the tropic of Capricorn on December 22nd. To understand why, we need to know a few things about the Earth's tilt and its movement around the sun. The Earth is tilted on its axis at an angle of about 23.5 degrees. This tilt is what gives us our seasons. During the year, the Earth moves around the sun in an elliptical path. On two specific days, called the solstices, the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky. These are the days when the tilt of the Earth is most noticeable. On December 22nd, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. This means that the sun appears lower in the sky and its rays are more spread out. Meanwhile, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. This tilt causes the sun to appear higher in the sky and its rays to be more concentrated. The tropic of Capricorn is located at about 23.5 degrees south of the equator. On December 22nd, the sun is directly overhead at this latitude because the tilt of the Earth causes the sun's rays to be focused at that point. In summary, on December 22nd, the sun is directly overhead at the tropic of Capricorn because of the Earth's tilt and its position in its orbit around the sun.

Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which denudation occurs?

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Denudation is the process of wearing away the Earth's surface by various agents such as water, wind, and ice. It involves the removal and transportation of rocks, sediments, and soil. The correct sequence in which denudation occurs is:
Weathering → Erosion → Deposition
1. Weathering: This is the first step in denudation. Weathering refers to the breakdown and decomposition of rocks and minerals at or near the Earth's surface. It can occur through physical, chemical, or biological processes. Physical weathering involves the mechanical breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments due to factors like temperature changes, frost action, or plant roots. Chemical weathering involves the alteration of rock composition through processes like dissolution, oxidation, or hydrolysis. Biological weathering refers to the breakdown of rocks by living organisms such as plants and animals.
2. Erosion: Once weathering has broken down the rocks, erosion takes place. Erosion is the process of removing and transporting the weathered materials from their original location to a new location. This is often done by agents such as water, wind, glaciers, or gravity. For example, water erosion occurs when rainfall or flowing water carries away sediments, creating channels, gullies, and valleys. Wind erosion happens when strong winds pick up and transport loose particles, leading to the formation of sand dunes and desert landscapes.
3. Deposition: After weathered materials have been eroded and transported, they are eventually deposited. Deposition occurs when the eroded particles and sediments settle down and come to rest in a new location. This can happen when the transporting agent loses energy, such as when a river slows down or when wind speed decreases. Deposited materials can form various landforms such as deltas, alluvial plains, or beaches.
In summary, denudation starts with weathering, where rocks are broken down. Then erosion takes place, transporting the weathered materials. Finally, the eroded materials are deposited in a new location.

The table above shows the temperature and rainfall distribution of station Z. Study and use it to answer the question. Which month of the year has the highest temperature

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To determine which month of the year has the highest temperature in station Z, we should analyze the data given in the table.
Looking at the table, we can see that the **temperature values** are given in the column labeled "Temperature (°C)". We need to find the month with the highest temperature value.
By examining the temperature values for each month, we can observe the following:
- In **April**, the temperature is 27°C - In **May**, the temperature is 30°C - In **June**, the temperature is 32°C - In **August**, the temperature is 29°C
From this information, we can clearly see that the month with the **highest temperature** in station Z is **June**, with a temperature of **32°C**.
Therefore, the answer to the question is that **June** is the month of the year with the highest temperature in station Z, as evidenced by the table.

Quartz, fieldspar and mica are three principal mineral that can easily be seen in

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Quartz, feldspar, and mica are three principal minerals that can easily be seen in granite. Granite is a type of igneous rock, which means it is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma or lava. It is composed mainly of three minerals: quartz, feldspar, and mica. - **Quartz:** Quartz is a hard and durable mineral that is commonly found in granite. It appears as small or large grains and has a glassy or translucent appearance. It comes in different colors, including clear, white, pink, and gray. - **Feldspar:** Feldspar is the most abundant mineral in granite. It is a group of minerals that have a specific crystal structure. Feldspar can be recognized by its white, pink, or gray color. It often appears as large, elongated grains in granite. - **Mica:** Mica is another mineral commonly found in granite. It has a distinct layered structure and can be easily split into thin, flexible sheets. Mica is often shiny and comes in various colors such as brown, black, or green. When you look at granite, you may see specks or grains of quartz, larger grains of feldspar, and thin layers or flakes of mica. These minerals give granite its characteristic appearance and make it a popular choice for countertops, flooring, and construction materials. It's worth noting that while quartz, feldspar, and mica are the three principal minerals in granite, other minerals may also be present in smaller amounts. However, it is the abundance of these three minerals that gives granite its distinctive texture and appearance.

Which of the following is not true of the North Atlantic sea route?

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The North Atlantic sea route is the busiest sea route in the world. It links North America with Europe and Nigeria with Western Europe. Goods carried on this route do not include graius.

The main reason for which most manufacturing industries in West Africa are concentrated in cities and towns along the coast is that they have

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This is due to the fact that there is a large number of warehouses in these regions. These warehouses are storage facilities where the goods are kept prior or after shipping.

The instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is the

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The instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is called the **campbell-stokes recorder**. This instrument is specifically designed to measure the amount of sunlight received at a particular location over a given period of time. The campbell-stokes recorder consists of a glass sphere that is mounted in a metal frame. This sphere acts as a lens, focusing the sunlight onto a specially designed card or paper underneath. The card or paper is positioned in such a way that it is slightly above the focal point of the lens. When sunlight passes through the lens and focuses on the card, it causes the card to heat up. As a result, a burn mark or a scorch is left on the card. By measuring the length of the burn mark, we can determine the duration of sunshine. The campbell-stokes recorder is widely used in meteorology and climatology to monitor and document the amount of sunshine received in a given area. It is a simple and effective instrument that provides valuable data for studying weather patterns, climate change, and solar energy potential. In conclusion, the instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is the campbell-stokes recorder, which uses a glass sphere to focus sunlight onto a card or paper and measures the length of the resulting burn mark.

When weathering occurs on hill slopes, rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form

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When weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form **scrree**. Scree is a deposition of loose rock fragments that have accumulated at the base of a steep slope or cliff. It is formed as a result of the continuous process of weathering, erosion, and gravity. Weathering is the breakdown of rocks by natural processes, such as wind, water, and temperature changes. This causes rocks to become smaller and more fragmented over time. Erosion is the process of transporting the fragmented rock material down the slope. Gravity plays a significant role in moving the loose rock fragments towards the bottom of the hill slope. As the weathered rock fragments accumulate at the base of the slope, they form a pile of loose debris called scree. Scree can range in size from small pebbles to larger rocks. It is usually found on steep slopes or cliffs where the force of gravity pulls the loose rock down and accumulates it at the bottom. In conclusion, when weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris piles up at the bottom to form scree.

"An open forest with evergreen, thick leathery leaves and woody stems with deep roots" is known as

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Mediterranean vegetation consists largely of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs having woody stems with thick roots.

Which of the following is not correct about the great circle?

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A great circle is a type of circle that can be formed on the Earth's surface. It is called "great" because it has the same radius as the Earth. Let's go through each statement and determine which one is not correct: 1. The statement says that the Equator is a Great Circle among the latitudes. This statement is **correct**. The Equator is indeed a great circle because it is a circle that cuts the Earth in half, dividing it into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. 2. The statement says that the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are the only lines of latitude forming a Great Circle. This statement is **not correct**. The Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are not lines of latitude; they are lines of longitude. A great circle can be formed by any line of latitude, not just the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line. 3. The statement says that the Great Circle divides the Earth into two equal spheres. This statement is **not correct**. The Great Circle does divide the Earth, but not into equal spheres. Instead, it divides the Earth into two hemispheres, which are halves of the Earth. 4. The statement says that the center of the Great Circle is also the center of the Earth. This statement is **not correct**. The center of a great circle does not necessarily coincide with the center of the Earth. The center of a great circle is simply the midpoint of the circle, which can be anywhere on the Earth's surface. To summarize: - Statement 1 is correct. - Statement 2 is not correct. - Statement 3 is not correct. - Statement 4 is not correct. Therefore, the statement that is not correct about the great circle is statement 2, which claims that the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are the only lines of latitude forming a Great Circle.

Which of the following is not a problem militating against political and economic integration in West Africa?

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Political and economic integration can be hindered by powerful colonial ties, religion and political instability but currency should not be an obstacle because there should be an established exchange rate.

Barchan dunes move

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A barchan is a cresentic or moon-shaped structure. A barchan is formed when an obstacle like rocks impedes or prevents the movement of wind

Which of the following pairs of landforms can be found in the desert areas?

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Zeugens: These are tabular masses with a layer of soft rock lying beneath layer of hard rock
Rock pedestals: It consist of horizontal layer of hard and soft rocks

Plateaux formed together with fold mountains are best described as

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Plateaux formed together with fold mountains are best described as "intermountain plateaus." Intermountain plateaus are large, elevated flat lands that are found between different mountain ranges. These plateaus are typically formed when tectonic forces cause the Earth's crust to buckle and fold, creating fold mountains. As these mountains rise, the surrounding areas are also uplifted, resulting in the formation of plateaus. Unlike regular plateaus, intermountain plateaus are not as deeply dissected by erosion. This means that they generally have a more even and flat topography compared to other types of plateaus. However, they still exhibit some degree of ruggedness due to the uplift and folding processes that occurred during their formation. Overall, intermountain plateaus are important features of the Earth's landscape. They provide a transitional zone between mountainous regions and the lower-lying areas beyond, and they often serve as essential water catchment areas, playing a crucial role in supplying water to rivers and streams. Their relatively flat terrain also makes them suitable for human activities such as agriculture and transportation.

Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at

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Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan. Abidjan is the **largest port in West Africa** and is strategically located on the Gulf of Guinea. It has extensive infrastructure, including deep-water berths and modern cargo handling equipment, making it capable of handling large volumes of goods. Mali is a landlocked country, meaning it does not have direct access to the sea. Therefore, to export its goods, Mali needs to rely on neighboring countries with access to the sea. Abidjan, located in Ivory Coast, is the **most convenient sea port for Mali**. It is relatively close in proximity to Mali and has well-developed road and rail connections, making it an ideal choice for transporting goods from Mali to the port. Furthermore, Abidjan offers a wide range of services to facilitate trade, including customs clearance, storage facilities, and efficient cargo handling. It is also a hub for international shipping, with connections to various ports worldwide, enabling Mali to access global markets for its exports. In summary, due to its geographical proximity, well-developed infrastructure, and convenient transportation links, exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan.

Which of the following landforms is associated with parallel vaulting?

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It should be noted that landforms produced by faulting are Rift valley and Block mountain. Rift valley occurs when there are tensional and compression forces operating. Two parallel faults occur and there will be gravitational force leading to the sinking of the land between the faults.

The largest ocean in the world is the

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The largest ocean in the world is the Pacific Ocean. It covers the most extensive area compared to the other options listed. The Pacific Ocean stretches from the western coast of North and South America to the eastern coast of Asia and Australia. It is so vast that it is larger than the landmass of all the continents combined.
Its immense size is due to the tectonic plate boundaries that surround it. The Pacific Ocean is bordered by the Ring of Fire, a region that experiences frequent volcanic activity and earthquakes. This constant reshaping of the seafloor has allowed the Pacific Ocean to expand and dominate the Earth's surface.
With an area of approximately 63 million square miles, the Pacific Ocean is home to numerous islands, including Hawaii, Tahiti, and Fiji. It is also famous for its deep trenches, like the Mariana Trench, which is the deepest point in the world's oceans.
The Pacific Ocean plays a vital role in regulating the Earth's climate. It absorbs much of the sun's heat, helping to distribute warmth across the planet. This ocean is also crucial for global transportation and trade, serving as a major marine highway between the Americas, Asia, and Oceania.
In summary, the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world, encompassing a vast area and serving as a vital component of Earth's climate and global connectivity.

A piece of evidence that confirms that the earth is spherical is

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Evidence of the earth's sphericity
-circumarigation of the earth
-lunar eclipse(eclipse of the moon)
-sunrise and sunset
-ship visibility
-the circular horizon

What is the population density of a country with a total population of 140,000,000 and a total land area of 500,000 (\Km^2\)?

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To calculate the population density of a country, we need to divide the total population of the country by its total land area. In this case, we are given that the total population of the country is 140,000,000 and the total land area is 500,000 km². To find the population density, we divide the population by the land area: Population density = Total population / Total land area Population density = 140,000,000 / 500,000 = 280 persons per km². Therefore, the correct answer is **280 persons per km²**.

Urban type of settlement is best described as

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An urban settlement is where displaced population settle within agglomeration such as a town or city. People are mainly involved in secondary and tertiary activities like manufacturing and construction. Additionally, dispersed settlement is one of the main types of settlement pattern used to classify rural settlement.

A slope is said to be even when the contours are

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A slope is said to be even when the contours are **equally placed**. This means that the contours are evenly spaced apart from each other. When the contours are evenly spaced, it indicates that the slope of the land is relatively consistent throughout the area. Imagine looking at a map or a cross-section of a hill or mountain. Contours are the lines on the map that connect points of the same elevation. They give us a visual representation of how steep or gentle the slope is at any given point. When the contours are evenly spaced, it means that the difference in elevation between each contour line is consistent. This indicates that the slope is gradual and not too steep. For example, if we have contour lines that are evenly spaced apart by 10 meters, it means that the slope of the land is changing by approximately 10 meters in height with each contour line. On the other hand, if the contours are irregularly spaced, it means that the slope is varying more dramatically. This can indicate areas of steep cliffs or sudden changes in elevation. In summary, an even slope is characterized by **equally placed** contours, indicating a gradual and consistent change in elevation.

Which of the following distinguishes rotation from revolution?

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The statement that distinguishes rotation from revolution is that "The earth rotates on its axis while it revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit." Rotation refers to the spinning of an object around its own axis. In the case of the Earth, it rotates on an imaginary line called its axis. This rotation is responsible for various phenomena like the change between day and night. As the Earth rotates, different parts of it are exposed to the Sun's light, creating the cycle of day and night. Revolution, on the other hand, refers to the movement of an object around another object in space. In the case of the Earth, it revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit. This revolution takes approximately 365.25 days to complete, which gives us a year. So, to summarize, rotation refers to the spinning of an object on its axis, causing phenomena like day and night. Revolution refers to the movement of an object around another object in space, giving us the concept of a year.

Which of the following is a major boost of tourism?

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A major boost of tourism is adequate publicity about natural scenery.

When there is adequate publicity about natural scenery, it creates awareness among tourists about the beauty and uniqueness of a particular destination. This can include stunning landscapes, national parks, wildlife reserves, breathtaking mountains, pristine beaches, or iconic landmarks.

Such publicity can be done through various means, including travel websites, social media platforms, travel documentaries, brochures, and advertisements. When potential visitors see and hear about the natural beauty of a place, it increases their desire to visit and explore it.

This publicity helps to attract tourists from different parts of the world who are eager to experience and appreciate the wonders of nature. Tourists are motivated to visit new places they have heard about and seen pictures of, and this results in a boost in tourism.

When tourists visit a destination, they contribute to the local economy by spending money on accommodation, food, transportation, souvenirs, and various activities. This spending stimulates economic growth and development in the area.

Furthermore, tourism also promotes cultural exchange and understanding between different regions and people. Visitors have the opportunity to learn about different cultures, traditions, and ways of life, while locals get to interact with and learn from tourists as well.

In summary, adequate publicity about natural scenery plays a major role in boosting tourism by attracting tourists and stimulating economic growth. It helps generate interest and curiosity among potential visitors, leading them to explore and appreciate the beauty of various destinations.

Countries in the northern hemisphere experience shorter days and longer nights when the sun is overhead on the

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On June 21, the sun is overhead at the tropic of cancer, resulting in June or summer scistics

Under the Greek system of climate classification, the world is divided into

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The world is divided into torrid, temperate, and frigid zones under the Greek system of climate classification. 1. Torrid Zone: This zone is the closest to the equator and is known for its hot and humid climate. It experiences high temperatures throughout the year with minimal variations. The torrid zone is characterized by tropical rainforests, savannas, and deserts. 2. Temperate Zone: The temperate zone is situated between the torrid and frigid zones. It has a moderate climate with distinct seasons. The temperatures in this zone vary significantly throughout the year, with warm summers and cool winters. This zone is known for its diverse vegetation, including deciduous forests and grasslands. 3. Frigid Zone: The frigid zone is located in the extreme north and south of the Earth, near the poles. It is known for its extremely cold temperatures, especially during the winter season. The frigid zone is covered with ice, and only a few plants and animals can survive in this harsh environment. In summary, the Greek system of climate classification divides the world into torrid, temperate, and frigid zones, depending on factors such as temperature, humidity, and vegetation.

The coastal regions of Sierra Leone record an annual rainfall of over

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Annual rainfall in Sierra Leone coastal regions is over 4,800m, which makes it the wettest country in West Africa.

The difference in time between two longitudes is approximately

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The difference in time between two longitudes is approximately 4 minutes.
To understand this, let's first understand what longitudes are. Longitudes are imaginary lines that run vertically around the Earth, from the North Pole to the South Pole. They help to identify specific locations on the Earth's surface.
Now, the Earth takes 24 hours to complete one full rotation around its axis. This rotation results in the sun appearing to rise and set in different parts of the world at different times. This is what gives us our concept of time zones.
By convention, the Earth is divided into 24 time zones, each covering approximately 15 degrees of longitude. Each time zone represents an hour of difference in time.
So, if we do the math, we can calculate that with 360 degrees (the full circumference of the Earth) divided by 24 time zones, each time zone covers 15 degrees of longitude. This means that for every 15 degrees of longitude you travel east or west, there is a time difference of about one hour.
Since each time zone represents one hour and there are 60 minutes in an hour, we can calculate that the time difference for every 1 degree of longitude is approximately 4 minutes (60 minutes divided by 15 degrees).
Therefore, the correct answer is 4 minutes

The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called

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The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called a hygrometer.
A hygrometer is a device that helps us determine the amount of moisture or water vapor present in the air. It measures the relative humidity, which is the percentage of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount of moisture the air can hold at a given temperature.
There are different types of hygrometers, but one common type is the "dry and wet bulb" hygrometer. It consists of two thermometers: one thermometer with a dry bulb and another with a wet bulb.
To measure relative humidity, the wet bulb thermometer is wrapped with a moistened cloth. As the moisture on the cloth evaporates, it causes the wet bulb temperature to decrease. The dry bulb thermometer remains unaffected.
By comparing the temperatures of the dry and wet bulbs, we can calculate the relative humidity using a formula. The difference between the two temperatures helps us understand how much moisture is in the air.
So, in summary, a hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity by comparing the temperatures of a dry bulb and a wet bulb thermometer. It helps us understand how much water vapor is present in the air.

Nigeria major export commodity is

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Nigeria's biggest export is crude oil, a commodity that represents over three-quaters(78.7%) of its total exported goods by value.

A block mountain is formed as a result of

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A block mountain is formed as a result of faulting, specifically a type of fault called a normal fault.
When the Earth's crust experiences stress, it can cause rocks to break along fault lines. In the case of a normal fault, the rocks on one side of the fault move downward relative to the rocks on the other side. This downward movement creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, with one side lower than the other. This step-like feature is what we call a block mountain.
As time goes on, the forces of erosion, such as wind, water, and glaciers, start to wear away at the block mountain. However, the harder and more resistant rocks that make up the mountain are less easily eroded compared to the softer surrounding rocks. This causes the block mountain to stand out even more as a prominent and elevated feature in the landscape.
So, to summarize, a block mountain is formed when the Earth's crust experiences faulting, specifically a normal fault. The downward movement of rocks on one side of the fault creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, which we call a block mountain. Erosion then works to shape and define the mountain's features over time.

In which erosional plain is an inselberg commonly found

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Inselberg is formed from the existence of extensive old plateau

The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except

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The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except the concentration of industries.

1. Inter-ethnic war: Conflict between different ethnic groups can cause displacement and hinder population growth in the affected areas. It leads to a disruption in the social fabric and discourages people from settling in these regions.

2. Tsetse fly infestation: The presence of tsetse flies, which are carriers of the sleeping sickness disease, can greatly affect human habitation. These flies are notorious for their bites which can transmit the disease to humans and livestock. The presence of tsetse flies in the middle belt of West Africa makes it difficult for people to inhabit the area due to health risks.

3. Arab slave trade in the North: The Arab slave trade, which took place predominantly in North Africa, resulted in the forced migration and enslavement of many African populations. This historic slave trade did not have a direct impact on the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.

4. Concentration of industries: The concentration of industries usually leads to urbanization and increased population in certain areas. This option does not contribute to the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.

Therefore, the correct answer is that the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa cannot be traced to the concentration of industries.

Buying and selling of goods and services within a country is termed as

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The buying and selling of goods and services within a country is known as internal trade.

Internal trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between individuals, businesses, and organizations within the borders of a country. It involves the transfer of goods and services from producers to consumers or from one business to another within the same country.

For example, when you go to a local store to buy groceries or when a company sells its products to customers within the country, it is considered internal trade.

Internal trade is an essential part of a country's economy as it enables the circulation of goods and services within the country, stimulates economic growth, creates job opportunities, and fulfills the needs and wants of the people.

International trade, on the other hand, refers to the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Barter is a system of trade where goods or services are exchanged directly without the use of money. Foreign trade specifically refers to the trade between different countries or the import and export activities of a country.

Therefore, in this context, the correct term for the buying and selling of goods and services within a country is internal trade.

Kossou Dam is located on river

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Lake Kossou is Cote d'ivores largest lake. It lies on the Bandama river in the center of the country. It is an artificial lake, created in 1973 by damming the Badama river at kossou