JAMB UTME - Physical Education - 2024

What type of community health service is most likely to use modern diagnostic equipment?

Bayanin Amsa

The type of community health service most likely to use modern diagnostic equipment is Orthodox health services. Orthodox health services are provided by trained medical professionals such as doctors, nurses, and technicians who operate within a formal healthcare setting like hospitals and clinics.

Here are some reasons why orthodox health services use modern diagnostic equipment:

• Professional Training: Medical professionals in orthodox health services receive extensive training on how to use modern diagnostic tools and interpret their results effectively.
• Regulated Healthcare Setting: Hospitals and clinics have the infrastructure and resources necessary to house advanced diagnostic equipment like X-rays, MRI machines, and blood analyzers.
• Evidence-Based Practice: Orthodox health services often rely on evidence-based methods, meaning they use the best available research and technology to diagnose and treat patients accurately.
• Government and Institutional Support: These services are often supported by government policies and funding, which can facilitate the acquisition and maintenance of modern equipment.

In contrast, other community health services like bone setters, traditional birth attendants, and herbalists typically rely on traditional methods and natural remedies. They may not have access to, or training in, modern diagnostic technologies.

In a visual take-over, the outgoing runner sees the incoming runner during the baton exchange. This allows for direct eye contact and a smoother handoff.

Bayanin Amsa

The joint of the thumb, known as the carpometacarpal joint, is a saddle joint, allowing for a variety of movements.

In the precolonial era in Nigeria, physical education was primarily influenced by:

Bayanin Amsa

In the precolonial era, physical education in Nigeria was largely influenced by traditional games and physical activities that were part of cultural practices.

In table tennis, what skill involves hitting the ball back and forth with the opponent?

Bayanin Amsa

In table tennis, the skill that involves hitting the ball back and forth with the opponent is known as rallies. A rally consists of a series of exchanges between two players after the serve, where each player returns the ball to the other side of the table without missing. The purpose is to keep the play going and challenge the opponent by placing the ball skillfully in different areas of the table. During a rally, players may use various strokes and strategies to outmaneuver each other.

What is the role of the linesman in football?

Bayanin Amsa

Linesmen (also called assistant referees) assist the main referee in spotting offside positions, throw-ins, and corner kicks

What is a direct benefit of maintaining good mental health?

Bayanin Amsa

One direct benefit of maintaining good mental health is improved emotional stability and resilience. This means that when you have good mental health, you are better able to handle your emotions, stay calm during challenging situations, and bounce back more quickly from setbacks or difficulties. Good mental health allows you to manage stress effectively and maintain positive relationships with others. Emotional stability and resilience are vital for overall well-being as they enable you to approach life's challenges with confidence and maintain a balanced outlook.

In a sprint race, what is the most common starting position?

Bayanin Amsa

In a sprint race, the most common starting position is the crouching start. This type of start is used primarily because it provides the best combination of balance, power, and speed off the line.

Here's why the crouching start is typically favored:

• The athlete's body is positioned lower to the ground, which allows for a more powerful push-off from the starting blocks.
• The crouching position helps sprinters quickly transition into full speed while maintaining stability.
• This position takes advantage of the sprinting blocks, which are used to anchor the feet and to provide extra leverage for faster acceleration.
• The biomechanical advantage of the crouching start maximizes force application and reduces the initial time to reach top speed.

In contrast, a standing start, kneeling start, or prone start does not provide the same mechanical advantage and power that can be achieved from the crouching position. Therefore, the crouching start is the preferred choice among sprinters for achieving the best possible performance in races.

What is a key aspect of ensuring electrical safety at home?

Bayanin Amsa

A key aspect of ensuring electrical safety at home is to regularly check for frayed wires. Over time, wires can become damaged or worn out due to various reasons such as physical wear, exposure to heat, or being chewed by pests. Frayed wires can lead to a range of problems, including electrical shocks, short circuits, and even fires.

When you make it a habit to inspect your electrical cords and wires, you're taking a proactive step towards preventing these hazardous situations. If you notice any fraying, it is important to replace the wires immediately or repair them using the appropriate safety measures.

Ensure that cables are properly insulated, and if there are signs of damage, act swiftly. By doing so, you help to maintain a safe environment for yourself and others in your home.

What is the penalty for a charging foul in basketball?

Bayanin Amsa

In basketball, a **charging foul** occurs when an offensive player runs into a defensive player who has established a legal position. When this foul is called, it results in a **turnover to the defensive team**. This means the offensive team loses possession of the ball, and the defensive team gains the opportunity to have possession and potentially score. Understanding this rule helps maintain fair play and control over the game's flow, as it penalizes overly aggressive offensive moves.

Which muscle aids in the movement of the hip and thigh and is located in the groin area?

Bayanin Amsa

The Iliopsoas muscle is a crucial muscle group that aids in the movement of the hip and thigh. It's composed of two muscles, the iliacus and the psoas major, which work together to flex the hip joint.

What deficiency causes muscle cramps and is treated by increasing dietary intake of which mineral?

Bayanin Amsa

Muscle cramps are often associated with a deficiency in **Magnesium**, **Calcium**, or **Potassium**. However, the mineral most commonly linked to muscle cramps is **Potassium**.

**Potassium** is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in muscle function. It helps maintain normal muscle contractions. When there is not enough potassium in the body, muscles may cramp or spasm because they are not receiving the signals needed to work correctly.

Increasing dietary intake of **Potassium** can help alleviate muscle cramps. Potassium-rich foods include bananas, oranges, potatoes, spinach, and tomatoes. Ensuring an adequate intake of these foods can help maintain proper muscle function and prevent muscle cramps.

What is the primary difference between strength training and power training?

Bayanin Amsa

The primary difference between strength training and power training lies in their focus and objective. While they might seem similar because both involve working out muscles, they actually target different abilities of the body. Let me explain:

Strength Training is primarily focused on building the maximum amount of force that muscles can exert. It is aimed at increasing the overall ability of muscles to lift, resist, or push a heavy load. This typically involves lifting heavy weights with fewer repetitions. People do strength training to build muscle mass and increase their muscle size, which often results in enhanced muscle endurance. To give you an example, think of a weightlifter lifting heavy weights for several repetitions to build muscle.

Power Training, on the other hand, emphasizes developing the ability to exert force quickly. It is all about explosive strength – how fast you can move a weighted object. This usually means lifting lighter weights but doing so at a quick speed to improve power explosion. Athletes involved in sports that require sudden bursts of energy, like sprinters or basketball players, often do power training to improve their performance.

The option aligning with these explanations is: Strength training aims to increase muscle size, while power training focuses on explosive strength.

What does NATCEGA stand for?

Bayanin Amsa

NATCEGA is the acronym for the Nigeria advanced Teacher's Colleges and College of Education Games Association, which organizes sporting competitions among colleges of education in Nigeria.

Which of the following is NOT a cause of drug misuse?

Bayanin Amsa

To determine which of the options is NOT a cause of drug misuse, let's first understand what drug misuse means. **Drug misuse** involves using a medication in a manner other than as directed by a healthcare professional or intended by the manufacturer. This can involve incorrect dosages, misunderstanding usage instructions, or using drugs without a prescription.

**Lack of knowledge about proper dosage**: This is a cause of drug misuse because if an individual doesn't know the correct amount of a drug to take, they may take too much or too little, leading to misuse.

**Misunderstanding prescription instructions**: This is also a cause of drug misuse, as misinterpreting medical instructions can lead to incorrect use of medication.

**Trying to self-treat a medical condition**: This can lead to misuse because when individuals self-diagnose and medicate without proper guidance, they may use drugs ineffectively or harmfully.

**Intentional recreational use**: This is not considered drug misuse in the conventional sense but rather **drug abuse**. When someone deliberately uses drugs for non-medical reasons, particularly for recreational purposes, this constitutes abuse rather than misuse.

In summary, the correct answer to which option is NOT a cause of drug misuse is **intentional recreational use** as it falls under the category of drug abuse rather than misuse.

What type of flooring is usually used for indoor basketball courts?

Bayanin Amsa

Basketball courts, especially those used for indoor play, typically utilize hardwood flooring. Hardwood, usually made from maple wood, is preferred for several reasons:

• Durability: Hardwood is very durable and can withstand the constant stress of games and practices.
• Performance: It provides a consistent bounce for the basketball, allowing for optimal gameplay conditions.
• Safety: Hardwood floors offer a smooth surface that reduces friction and the chance of injury to players.
• Aesthetic Appeal: The polished and elegant look of hardwood floors gives a professional appearance to indoor courts.

Other options such as asphalt, grass, and carpet are not typically used for indoor basketball courts because they do not meet the performance, durability, and safety standards required for the sport at competitive levels.

In football, which skill involves intercepting or stopping the ball carrier from advancing with the ball?

Bayanin Amsa

The skill in football that involves intercepting or stopping the ball carrier from advancing with the ball is known as Tackling.

Tackling is a defensive move where a player uses their body or feet to try to take the ball away from the opponent, preventing them from continuing their attack. It is often used by defenders to regain possession of the ball and to disrupt the opposing team's offensive play.
There are different ways to tackle, including the slide tackle, where a player slides on the ground to take the ball from the opponent, and the standing tackle, in which a player uses their feet to dispossess the ball carrier while remaining upright.

Overall, Tackling is a crucial skill in football for defensive players who aim to stop attacks and regain control of the ball for their team.

Which of the following is a common benefit of a proper warm-up?

Bayanin Amsa

The primary purpose of a warm-up is to prepare the body for physical activity. One common benefit of a proper warm-up is improved muscle flexibility. When you engage in a warm-up session, your body's temperature increases, which helps to make muscles more pliable and elastic. This enhanced flexibility reduces the risk of strains and allows for a greater range of motion, helping you move more efficiently and effectively during exercise or sports activities. In summary, a proper warm-up properly prepares your muscles and joints for the demands of physical activity by enhancing their flexibility.

Which national competition aims to promote grassroots football development in Nigeria?

Bayanin Amsa

The National Principals Cup aims to promote grassroots football development in Nigeria.

What is the primary difference between refuse and sewage?

Bayanin Amsa

Refuse refers to solid waste materials such as garbage, paper, plastic, and other discarded items.
Sewage, on the other hand, is primarily liquid waste consisting of wastewater from households, industries, and other
sources.

Why is open communication about sex and relationships crucial in a family?

Bayanin Amsa

Open communication about sex and relationships within a family is incredibly important for several reasons.

It strengthens family bonds. When family members feel comfortable discussing sensitive topics, like sex and relationships, it fosters trust and openness. This can bring family members closer together and create a supportive environment where everyone feels valued and understood.

Moreover, being able to talk openly can help prevent misunderstandings. Misunderstandings often arise when people keep things to themselves or make assumptions without having all the information. Open communication allows for clarity and ensures that all family members are on the same page.

Additionally, discussing these topics openly encourages personal growth. It gives family members a chance to learn from one another, share experiences, and gain different perspectives. This is especially beneficial for teenagers, who are in a crucial stage of learning about relationships and their own identities.

On the other hand, avoiding open communication can promote secrecy and create an environment where family members feel they cannot share important aspects of their lives. This can lead to isolation and a lack of understanding within the family unit.

In summary, open communication about sex and relationships is essential in a family as it helps maintain a healthy and supportive atmosphere, prevents misunderstandings, encourages personal growth, and reduces secrecy.

Which of the following is a common posture issue associated with endomorphs?

Bayanin Amsa

Individuals with an endomorph body type tend to have a round and softer physique. A common posture issue often associated with endomorphs is lordosis. Lordosis is characterized by an excessive inward curve of the lower back. Due to their larger abdominal region, endomorphs might have a tendency to develop an anterior pelvic tilt, which can lead to lordosis. This means that their pelvis tilts forward excessively, causing the spine in the lower back to curve more than usual.

This posture doesn't just affect the appearance but can also result in discomfort or back pain. Understanding and addressing this posture concern through appropriate exercises, stretching, and mindfulness of posture can help mitigate its effects. It's important for individuals to work on strengthening core muscles and improving posture to prevent any negative physical implications.

When handing off the baton in a relay race, which type of take-over involves the outgoing runner seeing the incoming runner?

Bayanin Amsa

In a relay race, a Visual take-over is the method where the outgoing runner can see the incoming runner. This type of take-over allows the outgoing runner to be visually aware of the incoming runner's position, speed, and readiness to pass the baton. By keeping their eyes on the incoming runner, the outgoing runner can better judge when to start running, when to extend their hand, and how to receive the baton smoothly, reducing the risk of dropping the baton during the exchange.

In contrast, in other types of take-overs such as the Blind take-over, the outgoing runner takes the baton without looking back at the incoming runner. The Visual take-over ensures a coordinated and efficient hand-off, which can be especially useful for beginners or in more informal race settings.

Which of these dances is performed with a masquerade costume by the Efik people?

Bayanin Amsa

The Ekombi dance involves masquerade costumes and is performed by the Efik people.

Which organ is part of the lymphatic system and helps in the immune response?

Bayanin Amsa

The organ that is part of the lymphatic system and helps in the immune response is the Spleen.

The spleen plays a crucial role in the body's immune system in several ways:

• Filtered Blood: The spleen acts as a filter for blood, removing old or damaged red blood cells. This process helps maintain healthy blood cells circulating in your body.
• Immune Function: The spleen contains white blood cells, which are essential for immunity. These cells help identify and fight off invading pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
• Production of White Blood Cells: The spleen also produces lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that is key to the immune response. Lymphocytes produce antibodies and directly attack infected cells.
• Blood Reservoir: The spleen can act as a reservoir for blood, storing extra blood that can be released into the circulatory system during times of need, such as during blood loss or increased physical activity.

In summary, the spleen is an essential organ of the lymphatic system that supports the body's immune response by filtering blood and producing cells that defend against infections.

_____________ is a sudden twisting or wrenching of a joint, causing damage to ligaments.

Bayanin Amsa

The term you are looking for is Sprain.

A sprain is a sudden twisting or wrenching of a joint, such as the ankle, wrist, or knee. This action causes the ligaments, which are the tough bands of tissue that connect bones at the joint, to stretch or tear, leading to an injury.

Sprains are different from other joint injuries in the following ways:

• Fracture: This refers to a break, chip, or crack in a bone, not the ligaments.
• Strain: This involves a stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon, which connects muscles to bones. It's important to note that strains affect muscles or tendons, while sprains affect ligaments.
• Dislocation: This occurs when a bone slips out of a joint, which is different from the overstretching or tearing of ligaments seen in a sprain.

Typical symptoms of a sprain include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the affected joint. The severity can vary depending on how much the ligaments are damaged.

Why is leisure important for mental health?

Bayanin Amsa

Engaging in leisure activities can reduce stress, improve mood, and enhance overall mental well-being

Which of the following hurdle races requires the athlete to jump over water barriers?

Bayanin Amsa

The 3000 meters steeplechase is the event that includes water barriers. Athletes must jump over both regular hurdles and water jumps.

Which nutrient class is essential for maintaining healthy vision, skin, and mucous membranes?

Bayanin Amsa

In order to maintain healthy vision, skin, and mucous membranes, the nutrient class that plays a crucial role is Vitamins. Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for numerous bodily functions, including the maintenance of healthy tissues and systems. Specifically, Vitamin A is particularly important for these functions.

Here’s why vitamins, particularly Vitamin A, are vital for these aspects of health:

• Healthy Vision: Vitamin A is a key component in the formation of rhodopsin, which is a pigment that allows the eyes to see in low light conditions. A deficiency in Vitamin A can lead to night blindness.
• Maintain Skin Health: Vitamin A helps in the maintenance and repair of skin tissues. It supports the production of healthy skin cells and is often used in skincare products to manage acne and enhance skin appearance.
• Mucous Membranes: Vitamin A is vital for maintaining the health of the mucous membranes that line various organs and body cavities, including the respiratory tract. These membranes act as a barrier against infections.

In conclusion, while other nutrient classes like minerals, proteins, and fats are also important for various bodily functions, Vitamins—and Vitamin A in particular—are essential for maintaining healthy vision, skin, and mucous membranes.

How does the scope of Physical Education extend beyond physical fitness?

Bayanin Amsa

Physical Education (PE) extends beyond physical fitness by promoting social interaction and communication skills, along with physical development. It emphasizes holistic development rather than just focusing on physical strength or academic subjects.

Which postural defect involves an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, usually occurring during growth spurts or adolescence?

Bayanin Amsa

Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, often detected during growth spurts or adolescence.

What safety equipment is essential in the hammer throw event?

Bayanin Amsa

In the hammer throw event, safety equipment is crucial to protect both the athletes and any bystanders. Here's the equipment that is essential:

Protective cage: The most important safety equipment is the protective cage. It is designed to contain the hammer if it's released in an unintended direction. This cage surrounds the circle where the thrower stands and ensures that the hammer does not pose a danger to spectators, officials, or other athletes outside the cage.

While the protective cage is the most critical, other pieces of equipment may be considered but are not as common:

Gloves: Athletes might use gloves to improve their grip on the hammer handle. Although not primarily for safety, gloves can help prevent hand injuries that might occur from the repetitive motion and force required in this event.

Knee pads: Some athletes may choose to wear knee pads to protect against bruises or abrasions if they lose balance and fall during the spinning motion. However, these are not typically deemed essential for safety.

Helmet: Helmets are rarely used in the hammer throw, as they may restrict the athlete's motion or balance. The protective cage is the primary safety measure to protect both the athlete and others nearby from any potential mishaps.

In summary, the protective cage is the most vital safety equipment in the hammer throw event, as it minimizes the risk of injury to others. Gloves, knee pads, and helmets, while potentially useful, are not as widely used or essential in the typical context of the event.

What is the classification of diseases like tuberculosis and leprosy?

Bayanin Amsa

Diseases like tuberculosis and leprosy are classified as bacterial diseases. This classification is based on the fact that both diseases are caused by bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms.

Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium primarily affects the lungs but can also infect other parts of the body such as the kidneys, spine, and brain.

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's Disease, is caused by a different bacterium named Mycobacterium leprae. This bacterium primarily affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes, leading to severe disfigurement if untreated.

Both of these diseases are considered infectious, meaning they can be spread from person to person, although leprosy is much less contagious than tuberculosis. The emphasis on bacterial origin classifies these conditions under bacterial diseases, distinguishing them from parasitic, fungal, and viral diseases, which are caused by parasites, fungi, and viruses respectively.

What is the standard height of a badminton net?

Bayanin Amsa

The standard height of a badminton net is 1.55 meters at the outer edges or poles, and it slightly dips to 1.524 meters at the center. This design helps ensure that the net stays taut and does not sag excessively at the center.

Badminton is a fast-paced racket sport where clearing shots can determine the flow of the game. Therefore, maintaining this specific height helps in creating a fair playing field where players can aim for strategic placements and smashes without the net acting as an unnecessary obstruction.

It is important to adhere to these heights in official play, ensuring all players, whether at recreational or professional levels, have a consistent experience across venues and competitions. Ensuring this standard height helps keep the game balanced and competitive.

Which dance step involves high leaps and kicks and is associated with the Yoruba people?

Bayanin Amsa

The dance step that involves **high leaps and kicks** and is associated with the Yoruba people is the **Bata dance**.

The **Bata dance** is a traditional dance of the Yoruba ethnic group found in Nigeria. This dance is usually performed to the rhythms of the **Bata drums**, which are double-headed drums held under the arms and played with the hands. The drumbeats dictate the energy, pace, and movements of the dancers.

The dance is characterized by energetic movements, including **high leaps and kicks**, intricate footwork, and body movements that reflect a deep connection to the rhythm of the drums. It is both a form of art and a means of preserving cultural heritage, often performed during cultural festivals, rituals, and social events.

The Bata dance not only highlights the agility and athleticism of the dancers but also tells stories and celebrates important events, making it a significant aspect of **Yoruba cultural expressions**.

hich mineral deficiency is associated with muscle weakness and is corrected by increasing intake of which mineral?

Bayanin Amsa

Muscle weakness is often associated with a deficiency in magnesium. Magnesium is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in many bodily functions, including nerve transmission and muscle contraction. When there is not enough magnesium in the body, these processes can be disrupted, leading to symptoms such as muscle weakness and cramps.

To correct muscle weakness related to magnesium deficiency, increasing the intake of magnesium-rich foods is recommended. Foods such as nuts, seeds, whole grains, leafy green vegetables, and magnesium-fortified cereals can help increase magnesium levels in the body. In some cases, magnesium supplements may also be recommended. It's important to address this deficiency, as magnesium is vital for overall health and wellbeing.

What is the full meaning of NIPOGA?

Bayanin Amsa

The full meaning of NIPOGA is the Nigerian Inter-Polytechnic Games Association. This association is responsible for organizing games and sporting events among various polytechnics within Nigeria. It serves as a platform where students from different polytechnics come together to compete, showcase their talents, and promote sportsmanship and unity. The events typically include a variety of sports, encouraging participation and fostering a competitive spirit among the students while also providing an avenue for cultural exchange and social interaction.

Name the events which make up the throwing events.

Bayanin Amsa

The throwing events in athletics are specific events where the athlete's primary task is to throw an implement as far as possible. The correct events that make up the throwing events are:

• Shot Put: The athlete throws a heavy spherical object called the "shot" as far as possible.
• Discus: This involves throwing a heavy disc-shaped object, known as the discus, to achieve maximum distance.
• Javelin: Athletes throw a long spear-like implement called the javelin, aiming for distance.
• Hammer Throw: This event involves throwing a heavy ball attached to a wire and handle, known as the hammer.

These events are distinct from jumping events and involve different techniques and skill sets, focusing mainly on strength, technique, and precision. Each of these events requires the athlete to combine physical ability with technique to maximize the distance of the throw.

Which basketball skill involves securing possession of missed shots or opponent's shots that come off the backboard or
rim?

Bayanin Amsa

The basketball skill that involves securing possession of missed shots, either from your team or your opponent's team, that come off the backboard or rim is called Rebounding.

Rebounding is crucial because it helps a team to gain extra opportunities to score by retrieving the ball after an unsuccessful shot attempt. This skill is not only important for maximizing your team's chances offensively but also for preventing the opposing team from getting second-chance points. There are two types of rebounding:

• Offensive Rebounding: When a player from the shooting team retrieves the ball after a missed shot.
• Defensive Rebounding: When a player from the defensive team secures the ball after an opponent's missed shot.

Having strong rebounding skills requires a good sense of timing, positioning, and physicality. Players need to anticipate where the ball will bounce, box out opponents, and have the determination to capture the ball. Successfully mastering Rebounding can significantly affect the outcome of a basketball game.

What is the first step in managing a severe bleeding wound?

Bayanin Amsa

When managing a severe bleeding wound, the **first step** is to **apply pressure to the wound**. This is because applying pressure **helps to stop or slow down the bleeding** by allowing the blood to clot. You can use a clean cloth or bandage to apply firm, direct pressure on the wound. If the cloth gets soaked with blood, place another cloth on top. This is crucial to prevent excessive blood loss, which can lead to shock or other serious complications. **Controlling bleeding is the priority**, and once this is managed, other steps like cleaning the wound or elevating the limb can be considered.

In which city were the 2015 All Africa Games held?

Bayanin Amsa

The 11th African Games (French: 11es Jeux africains), also known as Brazzaville 2015, took place from September 4-19, 2015 in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. This edition marked the 50th anniversary of the Games, as well as their retur to Brazzaville, which hosted the first edition in 1965.