JAMB UTME - Christian Religious Studies - 2020

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In the book of Amos, the prophet contrasts the sovereignty of God with the Nile river in Egypt. He describes the Nile as "rising and sinking", meaning that its water level would rise and fall, sometimes causing flooding and sometimes leaving the land dry. This was in contrast to the power and sovereignty of God, which was constant and unchanging. The message was to show that while the Nile was a source of life and power for the people of Egypt, God was the ultimate source of power and control over all things.

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Jesus said that the qualification for whoever was to be first or great among the apostles should be being a slave of all. In Mark 10:43-44, Jesus says, "But among you it will be different. Whoever wants to be a leader among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to be first among you must become your slave." Jesus taught that true greatness in His kingdom is achieved not through power or position, but through service and humility. He modeled this principle in His own life, as He came not to be served but to serve and give His life as a ransom for many.

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Paul was arrested and detained at Philippi because he cast out the spirit of soothsaying from a slave girl. This caused an uproar among the owners of the slave girl who relied on her fortune-telling abilities to make a profit. They accused Paul and his companion Silas of disturbing the peace and advocating illegal practices, which led to their arrest and detention. Despite the circumstances of his arrest, Paul never stopped proclaiming Jesus as Lord and Saviour and used his time in prison to continue spreading the message of the gospel to those around him.

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When Nehemiah told the Jews about his mission to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, they encouraged one another to rise up and build the walls. They saw Nehemiah's mission as a sign from God to rebuild the city and they were eager to help. Despite facing opposition from their enemies, they continued to work together and were able to successfully complete the rebuilding of the walls.

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Jesus used the illustration of the vine to teach that a Christian who abides in Him will surely bear much fruit. In John 15:5, Jesus says, "I am the vine, you are the branches. If you remain in me and I in you, you will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing." This means that Christians who stay close to Jesus and follow his teachings will produce good works and live a fruitful life, both in this world and for eternity. Just as a branch cannot bear fruit on its own but needs to be connected to the vine, Christians cannot live a meaningful and productive life without being connected to Jesus.

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The six stone jars of water which Jesus turned into wine were kept there for the Jewish rites of purification. According to the Gospel of John, Jesus performed this miracle at a wedding in Cana, where the hosts had run out of wine. The stone jars filled with water were used for purification purposes, and Jesus transformed the water into wine to demonstrate his power and bring joy to the wedding feast. This miracle is often seen as a sign of Jesus' divine nature and a foreshadowing of the many miracles he would perform during his ministry.

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Prophet Ezekiel described the house of Israel as having a hard forehead and a stubborn heart because the people refused to listen to him. In other words, the people were not receptive to his messages and warnings from God. They were resistant to change and unwilling to listen to the prophet's advice, despite his repeated efforts to guide them towards righteousness. This unyielding attitude is what led Ezekiel to describe them as having a hard forehead, signifying their resistance, and a stubborn heart, symbolizing their refusal to listen.

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The Lycaonians tried to sacrifice to both Paul and Barnabas. This means they wanted to offer gifts or perform a religious ritual in honor of the apostles, possibly thinking they were gods. This was a common reaction to people who performed miracles in ancient times, and shows that the Lycaonians did not fully understand the message that Paul and Barnabas were spreading.

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The Holy Spirit is the one who gives all these gifts. The Holy Spirit is a part of the Trinity, along with the Father and the Son, and is considered to be the source of the gifts and abilities that are given to individuals. These gifts can include things such as speaking in tongues, prophecy, teaching, and others. They are given to each person for the purpose of building up the church and carrying out God's work. The Holy Spirit empowers believers to use their gifts for the benefit of others and to bring glory to God.

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Saul and Barnabas were sent on their mission by the church at Antioch. The church at Antioch was a group of early Christians who gathered together to worship and share the message of Jesus Christ. They recognized the gifts and calling of Saul and Barnabas and commissioned them to go on a mission trip to spread the gospel to other parts of the world.

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The very first and second miracles of Jesus can be found in the book of John, chapters 2 and 4. The first miracle is the changing of water into wine at a wedding in Cana (John 2:1-10). The second miracle is the healing of a nobleman's son from a distance (John 4:46-54). These miracles are described in the Bible and are seen as signs of Jesus' divine power and authority.

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Peter, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus, says that Christians can put to silence the ignorance of foolish men by doing right, which means by living a life that demonstrates the teachings of Jesus, such as love, compassion, and forgiveness. This can be seen as a form of preaching by example and showing the transformative power of the gospel in a person's life. Additionally, being humble and praying daily can also play a role in putting to silence ignorance by fostering a closer relationship with God and seeking wisdom and guidance in all aspects of life.

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These words were addressed by Jesus to the "Daughters of Jerusalem". This is described in the New Testament in the book of Luke, where Jesus was on his way to Jerusalem and was met by a group of women who were mourning and weeping for him. In response, Jesus told them not to weep for him, but to weep for themselves and their children, suggesting that a time of great hardship and trouble was coming upon the people of Jerusalem. This passage provides insight into Jesus' concern for the well-being of those around him, even as he was facing his own suffering and death.

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Abram was in Haran when this command was given to him by God. According to the biblical account, Abram was living in Haran with his family when God called him to leave his home and journey to a land that God would show him. This marked the beginning of Abram's journey to become the father of the nation of Israel and a great spiritual leader.

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Before Moses brought the Israelites to meet God on Mount Sinai, he instructed them to wash their garments and be consecrated. This meant that they were to clean themselves and prepare for a special and holy meeting with God. This act showed their respect and devotion to God and signified their readiness to receive His commandments.

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God told the prophet Jeremiah that He would give Jerusalem into the hands of the Chaldeans because the Israelites had provoked God to anger through their behavior and actions. They had abandoned God's laws and worshipped other gods, which was considered a great sin in the eyes of God. As a result of their disobedience, God allowed their enemies, the Chaldeans, to conquer and rule over them. This was a punishment for their sin and a way for God to get their attention and encourage them to repent and return to Him.

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Paul advised Christians in Thessalonica to keep away from any brother who is living in idleness. He encouraged them to work hard and support themselves, rather than becoming a burden on others. Paul believed that this type of behavior was unbecoming of a Christian and could be harmful to the community. By staying away from idleness and encouraging others to do the same, the Christians in Thessalonica could demonstrate their commitment to living a virtuous and productive life.

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In Paul's letter to the Thessalonians, he encouraged the believers to be prepared for the second coming of Christ by keeping themselves awake and being sober. This means they were to stay alert, watchful, and vigilant, avoiding excessive drinking or any behavior that could dull their senses or cloud their judgment. Additionally, they were to live with self-control and discipline, being morally and spiritually alert at all times. By doing so, they would be ready for the Lord's return and able to stand before him with confidence.

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Jesus corrected the teaching of "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" by declaring that forgiveness is right. In other words, Jesus taught that instead of seeking revenge and retaliation, we should show forgiveness and mercy to those who have wronged us. This message of forgiveness goes against the idea of retaliation and instead encourages people to turn the other cheek, love their enemies, and pray for those who persecute them. This message of forgiveness is a central tenet of Christianity and is considered one of the defining characteristics of Jesus' teachings.

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According to Paul, generosity produces thanksgiving to God. This means that when we are generous and give to others, it shows our gratitude and appreciation for all that God has given us. It is a way of acknowledging that everything we have is a gift from God and that we want to use it to bless others. Generosity also demonstrates our trust in God's provision and can bring joy and satisfaction to both the giver and the receiver.

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The Israelites offering of their sons and daughters to Molech was seen by God as an act of abomination. Abomination means something that is considered disgustingly repulsive or morally wrong. The offering of children to Molech was considered morally wrong by God as it involved sacrificing innocent lives to a pagan god. This act went against the commandments of God and was a form of idol worship, which was strictly prohibited in the Israelite faith. In simple terms, the Israelites' offering of their children to Molech was a sin in the eyes of God and was considered a morally reprehensible act.

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Jesus did not appeal to His Father for legions of angels to fight for Him because He wanted the scriptures to be fulfilled. Jesus came to Earth as the Messiah, the Savior of humanity, and He knew that His mission involved dying on the cross to atone for the sins of humanity. He understood that this was a necessary step in God's plan for redemption, and He was willing to endure it, even though it meant facing intense suffering and death. By not calling on angels to fight for Him, Jesus was demonstrating His unwavering commitment to fulfilling God's plan, and His complete trust in God's sovereignty over all things.

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God declared that no human blood should be shed because man was created in His image. This means that each and every human being is a special and unique creation of God and has inherent worth and dignity. As such, taking the life of another human being goes against the very nature of who God is and what He values. This is why God considers the shedding of human blood to be a serious matter and has forbidden it.

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The busy bodies and idlers in the church at Thessalonica were advised to "do their work in quietness and earn their own living." This means that they were encouraged to be productive and responsible members of society, rather than relying on others for support. The idea is to lead a life of dignity and independence, and to avoid causing trouble or being a burden to others. This is in line with the biblical principle of working hard and taking care of oneself and one's family.

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When the glory of God appeared to Moses and Aaron in the wilderness of Zin, the Lord told them to strike the rock with their rod to bring out water. This event is described in the book of Exodus, and it happened during the Israelites' journey through the wilderness after they had left Egypt. The people were in need of water, and God showed his power and provision by providing water from the rock when Moses and Aaron struck it with their rod. This event was a demonstration of God's power and a reminder of his faithfulness to his people, even in the midst of difficult circumstances.

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Prophet Ezekiel was set upon his feet to hear the Lord speak when the Spirit entered into him. This is described in the book of Ezekiel in the Bible, where it says that the Spirit of the Lord entered into Ezekiel and set him on his feet so that he could hear the voice of the Lord and receive the messages that he was meant to deliver to the people.

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The statement above was made to teach the importance of the dignity of labor. It is encouraging the people addressed, who are referred to as "brethren," to avoid associating with anyone who is living idly and not working. This instruction is given in the name of Jesus Christ, emphasizing its significance. The statement emphasizes the importance of work and the value of being productive, which is a fundamental principle in many cultures and societies. By avoiding idleness, the message is promoting the idea that work is a means of demonstrating responsibility and contributing to the community. This can also be seen as a form of self-respect and personal fulfillment.

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According to the book of Romans in the New Testament, good citizenship involves being obedient to those in authority. The apostle Paul writes in Romans 13:1-7 that Christians should submit to governing authorities because they have been established by God. This obedience is seen as an act of good citizenship, as it helps to maintain order in society and allows for the proper functioning of government. While supporting the poor and participating in governance can also be important aspects of good citizenship, according to Romans, obedience to those in authority is a key component.

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The event you're referring to is a story in the Bible, where the prophet Elijah was commanded by God to go to the town of Zarephath and be fed by a widow. This event happened because of the drought caused by Elijah's curse. Elijah had previously prayed for a drought to fall upon the land as a result of King Ahab's evil in the sight of the Lord and the people's worship of false gods. The drought caused a severe famine and many people, including Elijah, were struggling to find food. So, God commanded Elijah to go to Zarephath, where a widow would provide for him. This was a test of faith for both Elijah and the widow, as there was very little food available, but they both trusted in God's provision and were blessed as a result.

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The Jews accused Jesus before Pilate that He was a "blasphemer." This means that they believed that Jesus was speaking against God and making false claims about being the Messiah, which was considered a serious crime in their religious beliefs. In other words, they accused Jesus of speaking sacrilegiously about God and undermining the religious laws and practices of Judaism.