Diet And Digestion
Resumen
A teenager, a pregnant woman and a manual labourer sitting down to the same meal do not actually need the same meal. Age, pregnancy, climate and the physical demands of a job all change how much energy and which nutrients a body requires, and getting the balance wrong for long enough produces a recognisable deficiency disease with its own set of symptoms. This topic builds the full picture: what a balanced diet supplies, how the alimentary canal breaks food down into absorbable molecules, and how the small intestine is engineered to get those molecules into the blood as efficiently as possible.
You will also meet the practical side of nutrition that Human Biology students are expected to reason about: calculating and interpreting BMI, linking obesity and high cholesterol to specific diseases, and knowing why hygienic food preparation matters at every stage from the kitchen to the gut. Expect calculation questions, structure-to-function reasoning and at least one question that asks you to identify a deficiency disease from a described set of symptoms.
Objetivos
- Explain the importance of a balanced diet including the recommended dietary intake of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre
- Understand variations in diet related to age, pregnancy, climate and occupation
- Know the sources and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats and oils), vitamins A, C and D, and the mineral ions, calcium and iron
- Describe the causes and symptoms of deficiency diseases limited to scurvy (lack of vitamin C), anaemia (lack of iron), blindness (lack of vitamin A) and Kwashiorkor (lack of protein)
- Know the structures of the human alimentary canal and describe the functions of the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and pancreas in digestion
- Explain how food is moved through the gut by peristalsis including the role of dietary fibre in the process
- Understand the role of digestive enzymes including their site of production and action, the digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase, the digestion of proteins to amino acids by proteases (pepsin, trypsin), and the digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol by lipases
- Know that bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder and understand the role of bile in neutralising stomach acid and emulsifying lipids
- Understand how the structure of the villus helps absorption of the products of digestion in the small intestine
- Know the types, structure and functions of teeth, the factors that affect their growth and how to care for teeth and gums
- Understand BMI, including the calculation of BMI, and the role of obesity as a risk factor in early onset of diabetes and the significance of high cholesterol levels in atherosclerosis
- Explain the importance of hygienic methods of food preparation, cooking, storage and preservation
Mapa mental
Este tema esta esquematizado para ver como se conectan las ideas.
Abre el mapa mental en la app
Tarjetas
Practica rapida de memoria sobre lo que se evalua en este tema.
Practica estas tarjetas en la app
Nota de la lección
Apunte completo disponible en la aplicacion Green Bridge
Instala la aplicacion Green Bridge CBT en tu movil u ordenador para acceder a toda la biblioteca IGCSE: examenes anteriores, criterios de correccion, mapas mentales, tarjetas de estudio y lecciones en audio.
Evaluación de la lección
Felicitaciones por completar la lección del Diet And Digestion. Ahora que has explorado el conceptos e ideas clave, es hora de poner a prueba tus conocimientos. Esta sección ofrece una variedad de prácticas Preguntas diseñadas para reforzar su comprensión y ayudarle a evaluar su comprensión del material.
Te encontrarás con una variedad de tipos de preguntas, incluyendo preguntas de opción múltiple, preguntas de respuesta corta y preguntas de ensayo. Cada pregunta está cuidadosamente diseñada para evaluar diferentes aspectos de tu conocimiento y habilidades de pensamiento crítico.
Utiliza esta sección de evaluación como una oportunidad para reforzar tu comprensión del tema e identificar cualquier área en la que puedas necesitar un estudio adicional. No te desanimes por los desafíos que encuentres; en su lugar, míralos como oportunidades para el crecimiento y la mejora.
- Which enzyme digests starch to maltose? A) Maltase B) Amylase C) Lipase D) Trypsin Answer: B
- A deficiency of iron in the diet causes: A) Scurvy B) Kwashiorkor C) Anaemia D) Night blindness Answer: C
- Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the: A) Pancreas B) Gall bladder C) Duodenum D) Stomach Answer: B
- Which feature of a villus increases the surface area available for absorption? A) The lacteal B) The capillary network C) Microvilli D) The muscle layer Answer: C
- A person has a mass of 80 kg and a height of 2.00 m. What is their BMI? A) 16.0 B) 20.0 C) 40.0 D) 160.0 Answer: B
Resuelve estas preguntas en la aplicacion
Resuelve estas preguntas en la aplicacion
Libros Recomendados
Para seguir aprendiendo, recursos abiertos
-
Sección del libro
Nutrition and Energy Production
Explain why an animal’s diet should be balanced and meet the needs of the body
"Biology: Nutrition and Energy Production" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/34-2-nutrition-and-energy-production. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
-
Sección del libro
Digestive Systems
Explain the processes of digestion and absorption
"Biology: Digestive Systems" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/34-1-digestive-systems. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Publicados por otras organizaciones con licencias abiertas y citados como piden. Los enlaces abren sus sitios.
Practica preguntas simuladas
¿Quieres practicar preguntas simuladas sobre Diet And Digestion? Descarga la aplicación Green Bridge CBT para acceder a preguntas simuladas y evaluaciones completas sobre este tema.
Descarga la aplicación en Google Playstore.
Todo lo que necesitas para destacar en JAMB, WAEC y NECO.
