Mains Electricity
Resumen
Every time you plug in a kettle, charge a phone, or switch on a lamp, you rely on a system designed to deliver energy safely. The UK mains supply provides 230 V of alternating current at 50 Hz, and understanding how that power reaches your appliance, how the wiring inside a plug is arranged, and what protects you from a fault is essential knowledge for both your exam and everyday life.
This topic takes you inside the three-pin plug, explains why fuses and circuit breakers exist, shows you how to calculate electrical power and energy transferred, and clarifies the difference between alternating and direct current. You will practise selecting the right fuse for an appliance and solving energy-transfer problems using the equations examiners expect.
Objetivos
- Understand how the use of insulation, double insulation, earthing, fuses and circuit breakers protects the device or user in a range of domestic appliances
- Understand why a current in a resistor results in the electrical transfer of energy and an increase in temperature, and how this can be used in a variety of domestic contexts
- Know and use the relationship between power, current and voltage: power = current x voltage, P = I x V, and apply the relationship to the selection of appropriate fuses
- Use the relationship between energy transferred, current, voltage and time: energy transferred = current x voltage x time, E = I x V x t
- Know the difference between mains electricity being alternating current (a.c.) and direct current (d.c.) being supplied by a cell or battery
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Evaluación de la lección
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- What colour is the live wire in a UK three-pin plug? A) Blue B) Green and yellow C) Brown D) Red Answer: C
- The UK mains electricity supply has a frequency of: A) 50 V B) 230 Hz C) 50 Hz D) 230 V Answer: C
- A 460 W appliance is connected to the 230 V mains supply. What fuse should be used? A) 1 A B) 3 A C) 5 A D) 13 A Answer: B
- Which safety device can be reset after it trips? A) Fuse B) Earth wire C) Circuit breaker D) Double insulation Answer: C
- An appliance that is double insulated does not need: A) A live wire B) A neutral wire C) A fuse D) An earth wire Answer: D
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