Methods Of Animal Improvement

Akopọ

A herder near Sokoto wants calves that grow faster without losing the White Fulani's famous heat tolerance. A poultry keeper in Ibadan wants birds that lay like an exotic hybrid but survive a Nigerian backyard on local feed. Neither farmer can wish a better animal into existence. What they can do is choose who mates with whom, generation after generation, and that single choice is the whole of animal improvement.

In this lesson you will meet the four methods examiners expect you to know inside out: selection, crossbreeding, inbreeding and outbreeding. You will learn what each one does to a herd's genes, work through realistic farm scenarios that decide which method fits which goal, and master the advantage and disadvantage of each, the exact comparison WAEC sets almost every year.

Awọn Afojusun

  1. State the methods of animal improvement
  2. Explain selection as a method of animal improvement
  3. Explain crossbreeding as a method of animal improvement
  4. Distinguish between inbreeding and outbreeding
  5. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method of animal improvement

Akọ̀wé Ẹ̀kọ́

Two farmers each want a better herd. One mates his best cow to his best bull. The other buys in an exotic bull to cross onto his local cows. Both practise animal improvement, with different tools and risks. A breeder who cannot name the method used cannot predict the next generation, and an examiner will ask exactly that.

Ìdánwò Ẹ̀kọ́

Oriire fun ipari ẹkọ lori Methods Of Animal Improvement. Ni bayi ti o ti ṣawari naa awọn imọran bọtini ati awọn imọran, o to akoko lati fi imọ rẹ si idanwo. Ẹka yii nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn adaṣe awọn ibeere ti a ṣe lati fun oye rẹ lokun ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe iwọn oye ohun elo naa.

Iwọ yoo pade adalu awọn iru ibeere, pẹlu awọn ibeere olumulo pupọ, awọn ibeere idahun kukuru, ati awọn ibeere iwe kikọ. Gbogbo ibeere kọọkan ni a ṣe pẹlu iṣaro lati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ẹya oriṣiriṣi ti imọ rẹ ati awọn ogbon ironu pataki.

Lo ise abala yii gege bi anfaani lati mu oye re lori koko-ọrọ naa lagbara ati lati ṣe idanimọ eyikeyi agbegbe ti o le nilo afikun ikẹkọ. Maṣe jẹ ki awọn italaya eyikeyi ti o ba pade da ọ lójú; dipo, wo wọn gẹgẹ bi awọn anfaani fun idagbasoke ati ilọsiwaju.

  1. Which method of animal improvement combines animals of two different breeds to produce offspring that may outperform both parent breeds? A. Selection B. Crossbreeding C. Inbreeding D. Outbreeding Answer: B
  2. Mating a sire to his own daughter is an example of: A. Crossbreeding B. Outbreeding C. Inbreeding D. Selection Answer: C
  3. The improved performance often shown by the first-cross offspring of two different breeds is called: A. Inbreeding depression B. Hybrid vigour C. Genotype drift D. Betterment Answer: B
  4. A herd that has been mated among close relatives for several generations begins to show smaller litter sizes and weaker offspring. This is best described as: A. Hybrid vigour B. Inbreeding depression C. Heterosis D. Selection response Answer: B
  5. Which method of animal improvement chooses the best-performing animals within a single breed as parents of the next generation? A. Crossbreeding B. Outbreeding C. Selection D. Hybridisation Answer: C

Awọn Iwe Itọsọna Ti a Gba Nimọran

Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Atunkọ: Sixth edition
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Pearson
Odún: 2017
ISBN: 978-0-13-443605-0
Apejuwe: A comprehensive introduction to animal science covering anatomy and physiology, nutrition, genetics, reproduction, animal health and the major farm animal species and their production systems.
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Odún: 2004
ISBN: 978-92-5-105082-8
Apejuwe: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper written by a Nigerian animal scientist, covering breeds, housing, feeding, incubation, disease control and marketing for small-scale poultry keepers in developing countries.
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Olùtẹ̀jáde: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Odún: 1995
ISBN: 978-92-5-103758-4
Apejuwe: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper on the principles of ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition and the practical use of tropical feed resources, including crop residues and by-products, in sustainable livestock systems.

Àwọn Ìbéèrè Tó Ti Kọjá

Ṣe o n ronu ohun ti awọn ibeere atijọ fun koko-ọrọ yii dabi? Eyi ni nọmba awọn ibeere nipa Methods Of Animal Improvement lati awọn ọdun ti o kọja.

WAEC SSCE - Animal Husbandry - 2021

Ibeere 1 Ìròyìn

(a) Explain each of the following terms as used in the slaughtering of farm animals:
(i) scalding 
(ii) singeing:
(iii) evisceration.

(b) Name four agents involved in the marketing of farm animals and animal products

(c) State five marketing functions that could be performed to facilitate the sale of chicken and eggs.

(d) Name three stages in the life cycle of a roundworm.

(e) Mention two methods of animal improvement.

Wo Idahun