Colonial Rule And The Nationalist Challenge In India, 1919-47
Übersicht
In April 1919 a British general ordered troops to fire on an unarmed crowd penned inside a walled garden in Amritsar. In August 1947 the British left India altogether, and the subcontinent was cut in two amid one of the largest and most violent movements of people in modern history. The twenty-eight years between those events are the subject of this depth study.
You will trace how Indian nationalists built a mass movement, how Gandhi's method of non-violent resistance worked and where it stalled, how the demand for a separate Muslim state grew from a minority position into an immovable one, and how the Second World War made British rule unaffordable. Throughout, the people making the choices are Indian, not merely reacting to decisions made in London.
Ziele
- The Rowlatt Acts, Amritsar and the Government of India Act, 1919: impact of First World War on India, the Rowlatt Acts, the Government of India Act/Dyarchy, causes, events and significance of the Amritsar Massacre
- Gandhi and Congress, 1919-27: the rise of nationalism, Gandhi and his aims and methods, Congress and Swaraj, civil disobedience, the Satyagraha Campaign, the role of Jinnah
- Key developments, 1927-39: the Simon Commission, Salt March, Round Table Conferences, the Government of India Act (1935), the elections of 1937, the roles of Gandhi and Jinnah and the Muslim League
- The impact of the Second World War on India: relations between Gandhi, Nehru and Jinnah, the Lahore Resolution, the Quit India campaign, the Cripps Mission, the role of Wavell, Chandra Bose
- Communal violence, independence and partition, 1945-47: the Simla Conference, the Cabinet Mission, Direct Action, Muslim/Hindu differences, the demand for Pakistan, the role of Mountbatten, partition and its immediate consequences
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- What did the Rowlatt Acts of 1919 allow the government of India to do? A) Extend the vote to all adult Indians B) Detain suspects without trial and try cases without a jury C) Transfer control of the police to Indian ministers D) Separate Burma from India Answer: B
- Under dyarchy, introduced by the Government of India Act 1919, which of these remained a reserved subject controlled by British governors? A) Education B) Health C) Police and justice D) Agriculture Answer: C
- Why did Gandhi call off the non-cooperation movement in February 1922? A) The British granted Dominion status B) A crowd at Chauri Chaura killed twenty-two policemen C) Jinnah left the Congress D) He was released from prison Answer: B
- In the provincial elections of 1937, the Muslim League: A) Won a majority of the seats reserved for Muslims B) Won about 109 of the 482 Muslim seats and no majority in the Muslim-majority provinces C) Boycotted the elections entirely D) Formed a coalition with Congress in every province Answer: B
- Roughly how many people were displaced by the partition of India in 1947? A) 100,000 to 200,000 B) 1 to 2 million C) 10 to 15 million D) 50 to 60 million Answer: C
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