Why Did Germany Ask For An Armistice In 1918?
Übersicht
In the spring of 1918 Germany seemed close to winning. Russia had left the war, freeing hundreds of thousands of soldiers to attack in the west, and Germany launched a massive offensive to win before the Americans could arrive in force. Yet within eight months the Kaiser had fled, a German republic had been declared and German representatives were signing an armistice in a railway carriage in France. How did the war swing so completely, and so fast?
This lesson explains why Germany asked for an armistice in November 1918. It examines the importance of America's entry into the war, why the German offensive of 1918 failed, why revolution broke out in Germany in October and November, and why, in the end, the Armistice was signed. You will learn to connect the collapse at the front with the collapse at home, and to argue which mattered most.
Ziele
- What was the importance of America’s entry into the war?
- Why was the German offensive of 1918 unsuccessful?
- Why did revolution break out in Germany in October 1918?
- Why was the Armistice signed?
- The Schlieffen Plan and how it worked in practice: - the German advance through Belgium and the impact of the British Expeditionary Force - the effect on the western front of Russian mobilisation
- The battles of Mons and the Marne, the race to the sea and the First Battle of Ypres: - the reaction to the stalemate: trenches and the development of a war of attrition
- The nature and problems of trench warfare
- The use and impact of developments such as tanks, machine guns, aircraft and gas
- The impact of the battles of Verdun and the Somme: - the leadership and tactics of Haig at the Battle of the Somme
- The role and experiences of British Empire troops on the Western Front: - Case study: Indian troops - Case study: Canadian troops
- The war in Africa: - Case study: German East Africa - Case study: South West Africa
- Contribution of Japan in Asia: - the siege of Tsingtao - naval assistance in securing the sea lanes
- The Arab Revolt
- The war at sea: - the Battle of Jutland and its consequences - the use of convoys and submarines and the U-boat campaign
- The reasons for, and results of, the Gallipoli campaign
- Events on the Eastern Front and the defeat of Russia
- The impact of war on civilian populations
- The German offensive of 1918 and the Allied advance: - the impact of American entry into the war
- Conditions in Germany towards the end of the war: - the Kiel Mutiny and German Revolution - the abdication of the Kaiser
- The Armistice
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- The United States declared war on Germany in: A. 1914 B. 1916 C. April 1917 D. November 1918 Answer: C
- The German Spring Offensive of 1918 is also known as the: A. Schlieffen Offensive B. Ludendorff Offensive C. Hundred Days D. Brusilov Offensive Answer: B
- The Allied counter-attacks from August 1918 are known as the: A. Race to the sea B. Hundred Days Offensive C. Spring Offensive D. Gallipoli campaign Answer: B
- The revolution in Germany in 1918 was triggered by a mutiny at: A. Verdun B. Jutland C. Kiel D. Ypres Answer: C
- Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated on: A. 1 July 1916 B. 3 March 1918 C. 9 November 1918 D. 28 June 1919 Answer: C
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