JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2021

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In the Qur'an 109, Allah (SWT) says: I do not worship that which you worship. This verse is part of Surat al-Kafirun, which is a chapter of the Qur'an that addresses the idea of monotheism and the rejection of false gods and idol worship. In this verse, Allah is declaring that He does not worship the false gods and idols that others may worship. This declaration underscores the importance of monotheism in Islam and the belief in the oneness of God. The message of this verse is that Allah is the only true deity and that all other forms of worship are false and misguided.

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Hadith No. 1 of al-Nawawi's collections teaches the importance of intention (niyyah) in Islam. The Hadith, narrated by Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA), states that the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said, "Actions are judged by their intentions, and every person will be rewarded according to his intention. Thus, he whose migration was to Allah and His Messenger, his migration was to Allah and His Messenger; and he whose migration was for some worldly benefit or for a woman to marry, his migration was for that which he migrated." This Hadith highlights the significance of having sincere intentions when performing any action in Islam, including acts of worship, daily activities, and interactions with others. It stresses that the intention behind an action is as important as the action itself, and that the reward or punishment for an action depends on the intention behind it. Therefore, a Muslim should always strive to purify their intention and make it solely for the sake of Allah, seeking His pleasure and reward. In summary, Hadith No. 1 of al-Nawawi's collections emphasizes the importance of intention in Islam and encourages Muslims to strive for sincerity in all their actions.

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The revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE. This event occurred in the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. The revelation started when Prophet Muhammad, at the age of 40, received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave on the outskirts of Mecca, which is now known as the Cave of Hira. The Quran is the holy book of Islam, and its revelation to Prophet Muhammad is considered a central event in Islamic history. The revelation took place over a period of 23 years, with verses being revealed to the Prophet in various locations in and around Mecca and Medina. In summary, the revelation of al-Quran started in 610 CE, during the month of Ramadan, when Prophet Muhammad received the first verses of the Quran through the Angel Gabriel while he was meditating in a cave in Mecca.

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Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is recited in Ruku' during the prayer (Salah) in Islam. Ruku' is a bowing posture where the hands are placed on the knees, and the recitation of Subhana Rabbiyal' Azim wa bi Hamdihi is one of the supplications that are recommended to be recited during this posture. The phrase means "Glory be to my Lord the Almighty, and praise be to Him," and it is a way to express one's submission, gratitude, and awe towards Allah (SWT) during the prayer. The recitation of this phrase is considered a form of dhikr (remembrance of Allah) and a way to increase one's spiritual connection with Allah.

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The fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram. Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is considered one of the four sacred months. The tenth day of Muharram is known as the Day of Ashura, which is a significant day for Muslims. Tasu'a is the ninth day of Muharram, which is a day of mourning for some Muslims in commemoration of the death of Prophet Muhammad's grandson, Imam Hussein. Some Muslims observe a voluntary fast on this day as a sign of respect and mourning. Ashura is the tenth day of Muharram, which is a more significant day of remembrance for Muslims. It is the day on which Prophet Moses fasted in gratitude to God for saving the Israelites from the Pharaoh, and it is also the day on which Imam Hussein and his companions were martyred. Some Muslims fast on this day as a sign of gratitude and remembrance. In summary, the fasting of Tasu'a and Ashura are observed in the month of Muharram, which is the first month of the Islamic calendar and is a significant month for Muslims.

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Hadith No. 2 of al-Nawawi's collection was transmitted by Bukhari and Muslim. Both Bukhari and Muslim are well-known hadith scholars and their collections are considered among the most authentic hadith collections in Islam. They meticulously collected and verified hadiths through a rigorous process of authentication, ensuring the reliability and authenticity of the hadiths they included in their collections.

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The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" is an Arabic phrase that is taken from Surat Al-Fil, which means "let them worship the Lord of this house." In this surah, Allah recounts the story of how He saved the Kaaba from the attack of Abraha and his army of elephants, and thus emphasizes the importance of worshipping the One and Only God. The phrase "Fal'ya budu Rabba hadhal Bayt" serves as a reminder to the believers that the Kaaba is a sacred place of worship that should be dedicated solely to the worship of Allah, and that all acts of worship should be directed towards Him alone.

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Hadith "Actions shall be judged according to intentions" is Hadith one (1) of al-Nawawi's collections.

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Fornication attracts 100 lashes. Fornication refers to engaging in sexual intercourse outside of marriage, which is considered a major sin in Islam. The punishment for this sin, according to Islamic law, is 100 lashes. This punishment is intended to be a deterrent and a means of purifying the offender from the sin they have committed. It is important to note that Islamic law requires strict evidence and a fair trial before any punishment is carried out, and the punishment itself should not cause harm to the offender's health or well-being.

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Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. The Battle of Badr was a significant battle in Islamic history and was fought in 624 CE between the Muslims of Medina, led by Prophet Muhammad, and the Quraysh of Mecca. Hamzah was a strong and brave warrior, and he was one of the earliest converts to Islam. He was also a staunch supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and he played an important role in the early Islamic community. During the battle of Badr, Hamzah led a contingent of Muslim soldiers and fought bravely. However, he was eventually killed by a spear thrown by a man named Wahshi, who had been promised his freedom in exchange for killing Hamzah. His death was a great loss to the Muslim community, and it was a source of great grief to Prophet Muhammad. In summary, Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, was killed at the Battle of Badr. Hamzah was an early convert to Islam and a strong supporter of Prophet Muhammad, and his death was a great loss to the Muslim community.

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Lailatul Qadr is found in the month of Ramadan. Lailatul Qadr, also known as the Night of Power, is a special night that is considered to be one of the holiest and most significant nights in Islam. It is believed to have taken place during the last ten nights of the month of Ramadan, which is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Ramadan is a time of fasting, prayer, and reflection for Muslims, and Lailatul Qadr is considered to be the most special night of the month. It is believed that on this night the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad and that it is a night of great blessings and mercy from Allah.

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The statement "Man kana Yu'minu billahi" is repeated three times in Hadith No. 15 of al-Nawawi's collections. In this Hadith, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is reported to have said, "Whosoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent." The statement "Man kana Yu'minu billahi" means "Whosoever believes in Allah."

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Bilal bin Rabah was the first person to accept Islam amongst the slaves. Bilal was an Abyssinian slave who was brought to Mecca and was owned by Umayyah bin Khalaf. When Prophet Muhammad started preaching Islam in Mecca, Bilal was one of the first people to accept the message of monotheism and became a Muslim. However, his conversion to Islam led to severe torture and persecution from his master, who tried to force him to abandon his new faith. Despite the torture and punishment, Bilal remained steadfast in his faith and refused to renounce Islam. His unwavering faith and loyalty to Islam became a source of inspiration for many early Muslims and his story remains a testament to the perseverance and strength of faith.

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Al-Hakim means The Wise. It is one of the 99 names of Allah in Islam, and it highlights the attribute of wisdom and knowledge ascribed to Allah. In Arabic, "Hakim" means wise or knowledgeable, and when the definite article "Al-" is added, it becomes "The Wise." This name is mentioned in the Qur'an several times, such as in Surah Al-Hujurat (49:1) where Allah says, "O you who have believed, do not put [yourselves] before Allah and His Messenger but fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing." The attribute of wisdom is one of the most important qualities of Allah in Islam, and it is believed that He is the source of all knowledge and wisdom in the universe.

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According to Islamic belief, Jinns were created out of fire. They are supernatural beings that are mentioned in the Quran and believed to be created by Allah. The word "Jinn" is derived from an Arabic word that means "to hide" or "to conceal". It is believed that they have free will and can be good or evil. They are invisible to humans but have the ability to see humans and interact with them.

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Hadith refers to the sayings, actions, and silent approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Hadith is an important source of Islamic jurisprudence and provides guidance to Muslims on various aspects of life, including worship, ethics, and social conduct. The authenticity and reliability of hadith are established through a rigorous process of verification and grading, with the most reliable and authentic hadith being classified as sahih (sound).

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Imamul Bukhari was born in the year 194 A.H (810 A.D). Imamul Bukhari is a famous Islamic scholar known for compiling one of the most authentic collections of Hadith called "Sahih Bukhari". He was born in Bukhara, a city in modern-day Uzbekistan. Imamul Bukhari started memorizing Hadith at an early age and traveled to various places to learn from renowned scholars. He dedicated his life to the study and compilation of Hadith, and his work is still widely used and respected by scholars and laypeople alike. Therefore, we can conclude that Imamul Bukhari was born in the year 194 A.H.

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Fulfillment of promises in Islam is considered a compulsory and integral part of one's faith and character. Keeping promises is not only a moral obligation but also a religious duty for Muslims. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) emphasized the importance of keeping one's word and fulfilling promises in various sayings and actions. In Islam, breaking a promise is considered a sin and a sign of dishonesty and untrustworthiness. It damages one's credibility and reputation, and it may cause harm to others. Therefore, Muslims are encouraged to be truthful and trustworthy and to fulfill their promises to the best of their ability. On the other hand, making promises that cannot be fulfilled or promising something with the intention of not fulfilling it is prohibited in Islam. It is considered a form of deception and dishonesty, and it may lead to negative consequences in this life and the Hereafter. In conclusion, fulfilling promises is not only a moral obligation but also a religious duty in Islam. It is compulsory for Muslims to keep their word and fulfill their promises to the best of their ability, and breaking promises is prohibited and considered a sin in Islam.

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A female Muslim should cover all her body except her palm and face. The requirement for modest dress for Muslim women is mentioned in the Qur'an and Hadith. While there are differences in interpretation among scholars, the majority agree that women should cover their entire body except for their face and hands. This is based on the principle of modesty and the importance of safeguarding one's physical appearance from the gaze of others. Some Muslim women also choose to cover their face with a veil or niqab as an additional expression of their faith and commitment to modesty.

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Tayammum and wudu are two methods of purification in Islam. Wudu is a ritual washing of the hands, face, and feet with water, while tayammum is a ritual purification using dust or sand in situations where water is not available or cannot be used. Both of these methods of purification are considered valid until something happens to invalidate them, such as the occurrence of certain bodily functions or the loss of consciousness. Of the options given, "availability of water" is not something that would invalidate tayammum or wudu, as both methods are specifically designed for situations where water is not available. "Passing stool" and "passing urine" are both bodily functions that would invalidate tayammum or wudu, as they are considered impurities that must be washed away with water. "Loss of sense" could also invalidate tayammum or wudu, as it would prevent an individual from being able to perform the required purification rituals correctly. Therefore, the correct answer is "availability of water".